Photocurable compositions and method of forming topographical features on a membrane surface using photocurable compositions

1. A method of forming topographical features on a membrane surface comprising:

providing a membrane comprising a membrane surface and an opposed side of the membrane;

providing a stencil or screen over the membrane surface, the stencil or screen having openings exposing the membrane surface for receiving a curable composition;

depositing one or more layers of curable composition having a Thixotropic index (TI) (cp at 1 s −1 /cp at 10 s −1 ) from about 2 to about 15 into the stencil openings or screen openings and onto the membrane surface to form the topographical features, the openings defining an approximate shape and size of the topographical features;

exposing the opposed side of the membrane to a light source to partially cure the one or more layers of curable composition;

removing the stencil or screen to leave in place the topographical features on the membrane surface; and

fully curing the curable composition,

wherein, after removal of the stencil or screen and prior to curing, the topographical features have an aspect ratio (height/width) from about 0.5 to about 2;

wherein, after curing, the aspect ratio of the topographical features is substantially the same; and

wherein the height of the topographical feature is from about 0.025 inches to about 0.04 inches.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the topographical aspect ratio (height/width) is greater than about 0.70.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the curable composition is fully cured using a light source.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the light source produces ultraviolet or visible light.

5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the light source is a bulb or light emitting diode.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pattern of topographical features is formed on the membrane surface at speeds of about 0.5 m 2 /minute or greater.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising depositing additional layers of curable composition into the stencil openings or screen openings and onto the membrane surface.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the topographical features are substantially free of sharp edges after formation and removal of the stencil.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the membrane surface is a filter membrane surface.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the approximate size and shape of the topographical features and the topographical aspect ratio are substantially maintained during removal of the stencil or screen from the membrane surface prior to full cure.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the curable composition comprises:

a. a light curable component comprising a backbone selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylates, epoxies, polyisobutenes (PIB), polyurethanes (PU), polyolefins (PO), ethylvinylacetates (EVA), polyamides (PA) and combinations thereof; and a light curing moiety;

b. a cure system; and

c. a rheology modifying component present in an amount of about 2% to about 50% by weight of the total curable composition.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the rheology modifying component is selected from the group consisting of silica, silicate, alumina, asbestos, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride, carbon black, clays, diatomaceous earth, feldspar, ferromagnetics, fly ash, glass fibers, gypsum, jute fiber, kaolin, lingnocellulosics, magnesium hydroxide, mica, microcrystalline cellulose, powdered metals, quartz, starch, talc, titanium dioxide, wood flour, wood fibers, thermoplastic polymers, and combinations thereof.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the light curable composition subsequent to cure is capable of less than about 5% weight loss when submerged in a aqueous solution at a pH range of about 0.5 to about 13.5 at temperatures of from about 25° C. to about 90° C. for in a 6 week period.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the light curable component comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a urethane (meth)acrylate and a (meth)acylate.