Leaflet support devices and methods of making and using the same
Described embodiments are directed toward centrally-opening leaflet support devices having a frame and one or more support leaflets coupled to the frame forming a hinge where coupled. The described support leaflets have one or more stiffer regions that facilitate the function of a support leaflet to decrease or prevent prolapse of a native valve leaflet. Methods of making and using such valve devices are also described amongst others.
1. A leaflet support device, comprising:
a first frame defining a base, a tubular member, and a first frame central opening;
a second frame defining a flat ring, a second frame central opening, and an inner portion, the second frame coupled to the base of the first frame;
a support leaflet including a leaflet attachment region coupled to the base of the first frame and a leaflet free edge opposite the leaflet attachment region, the support leaflet configured to transition between an open position and a closed position, the inner portion of the second frame operable to limit movement of the support leaflet when transitioning from the open position to the closed position.
2. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the first frame and the second frame are positioned coaxially.
3. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the first frame has a decreasing taper from a first end to the base.
4. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the first frame is operable to conform to and be coupled with an atrial side of a heart adjacent to an atrioventricular valve.
5. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the second frame defines an outer portion extending away from the first frame central opening.
6. The leaflet support device of claim 5 , wherein the outer portion of the second frame is operable to be positioned against an upstream side of an annulus of an atrioventricular valve.
7. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the support leaflet is operable to support at least a portion of an atrial-facing surface of an atrioventricular valve leaflet when in the closed position.
8. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , further comprising a second support leaflet, wherein the support leaflet and the second support leaflet are sized such that the support leaflet and the second support leaflet do not overlap with each other when in the closed position.
9. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , further comprising a second support leaflet, wherein the support leaflet has a larger surface area than the second support leaflet.
10. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the support leaflet has a size suitable to cover at least half of a non-coapting portion of an atrial-facing surface of a respective atrioventricular valve leaflet, when the atrioventricular valve leaflet is in the closed position.
11. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the support leaflet between the leaflet attachment region and the free edge comprises a polymer configured for cellular ingrowth and defining at least a portion of a ventricular-facing surface.
12. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the support leaflet comprises one or more stiffer regions with a stiffness that is greater than an adjacent region.
13. The leaflet support device of claim 12 , wherein the one or more stiffer regions with greater stiffness extend across at least 70% of a dimension of the support leaflet wherein the dimension is substantially transverse to blood flow.
14. The leaflet support device of claim 13 , where the one or more stiffer regions with greater stiffness extends along a length that is in the same direction as a line defined by native leaflet coaptation.
15. The leaflet support device of claim 14 , wherein the one or more stiffer regions is configured to abut with the inner portion of the second frame.
16. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the first frame defines a plurality of petals or loop which extend at an angle to define a decreasing taper of the tubular member.
17. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , wherein the first frame and second frame are configured to be resiliently compressible in a radial direction such that the first frame, when in a compressed state during use, urges against an annulus or an atrium to couple the first frame to the annulus or the atrium.
18. The leaflet support device of claim 1 , further comprising a tether coupled to the support leaflet that is configured to be coupled to a ventricular structure.
19. The leaflet support device of claim 18 , wherein the tether is suture, fiber, or thread.
20. A leaflet support device, comprising:
a first frame defining a base, a tubular member, and a first frame central opening;
a second frame defining a flat ring, a second frame central opening, and an inner portion, the second frame coupled to the base of the first frame;
a first support leaflet including a leaflet attachment region coupled to the base of the first frame, the first support leaflet configured to transition between an open position and a closed position, the second frame operable to limit movement of the support leaflet when transitioning from the open position to the closed position; and
a second support leaflet, wherein the first support leaflet and the second support leaflet are sized such that the first support leaflet and the second support leaflet do not overlap with each other when in the closed position.
21. A leaflet support device, comprising:
a first frame defining a base, a tubular member, and a first frame central opening;
a second frame defining a flat ring, a second frame central opening, and an inner portion, the second frame coupled to the base of the first frame;
a support leaflet including a leaflet attachment region coupled to the base of the first frame and a leaflet free edge opposite the leaflet attachment region, the support leaflet configured to transition between an open position and a closed position, the support leaflet including one or more stiffer regions with a stiffness that is greater than an adjacent region.