Stable filter media including nanofibers
Filter media comprising nanofibers and related components, systems, and methods associated therewith are provided. In some embodiments, a filter media may comprise a first fiber web and a second fiber web designed to impart beneficial properties to the filter media. For instance, in some embodiments, the first fiber web may provide high particulate efficiency and the second fiber web may provide suitable capacity. In some embodiments, the first and second fiber webs may have certain properties (e.g., water contact angle, surface energy) that are similar or substantially the same. The similarities between the first and second fiber webs may serve to enhance the structural stability of the filter media under various conditions (e.g., high temperature, high pressure, steam sterilization) and/or permeability to certain fluids (e.g., water). Filter media, as described herein, may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve liquid filtration.
1. A filter media, comprising:
a first fiber web having an average fiber diameter of less than or equal to about 0.5 microns; and
a second fiber web having a maximum pore size of greater than or equal to about 3 microns and less than or equal to about 70 microns;
wherein a critical wetting surface tension of the first fiber web and a critical wetting surface tension of the second fiber web differ by less than or equal to about 15 dynes/cm;
wherein the second fiber web comprises meltblown fibers; and
wherein the first fiber web has a surface area of greater than or equal to about 5 m 2 /g and a water contact angle of greater than 90 degrees.
2. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first fiber web has a surface area of greater than or equal to about 10 m 2 /g.
3. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein a water contact angle of the second fiber web and the water contact angle of the first fiber web differ by less than or equal to about 20 degrees.
4. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the filter media is steam sterilized.
5. The filter media of claim 4 , wherein the filter media has a water bubble point after steam sterilization of greater than or equal to about 70 psi and less than or equal to about 120 psi.
6. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the second fiber web has a water contact angle of greater than 90 degrees.
7. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the water contact angle of the second fiber web and the water contact angle of the first fiber web differ by greater than 0 degrees.
8. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first fiber web and the second fiber web are directly adjacent.
9. The filter media of claim 8 , wherein the first fiber web and the second fiber web have a peel strength of greater than or equal to about 0.01 lb/in and less than or equal to about 10 lb/in.
10. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first fiber web has a surface area of less than or equal to 350 m 2 /g.
11. The filter media of claim 2 , wherein the first fiber web has a surface area of less than or equal to 350 m 2 /g.
12. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first fiber web comprises polyethersulfone fibers.
13. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the second fiber web comprises polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, and/or polybutylene terephthalate fibers.
14. The filter media of claim 4 , wherein a water bubble point of the filter media after steam sterilization is higher than a water bubble point of the filter media before steam sterilization.
15. The filter media of claim 4 , wherein a water bubble point of the filter media after steam sterilization is less than or equal to 50% higher than a water bubble point of the filter media before steam sterilization.
16. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the filter media has a water permeability of greater than or equal to about 0.1 ml/min·cm 2 ·psi and less than or equal to about 10 ml/min·cm 2 ·psi.
17. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first fiber web comprises polyvinylidene fluoride fibers.
18. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the water contact angle of the first fiber web is greater than or equal to 100 degrees.
19. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the water contact angle of the first fiber web is greater than or equal to 110 degrees.