Thermal flow rate meter
Provided is a thermal flow rate meter capable of individually correcting different pulsation errors generated in an upstream side temperature sensor and a downstream side temperature sensor. A thermal flow rate meter 1 which measures a flow rate of a gas based on a temperature difference between an upstream side temperature sensor 12 and a downstream side temperature sensor 13 , which are arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of a heating element 11 . The thermal flow rate meter includes: a detection element 10 that individually outputs an output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor 12 and an output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor 13 ; and compensator 20 that individually performs response compensation of the output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor 12 and the output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor 13.
1. A thermal flow rate meter which measures a flow rate of a gas based on a temperature difference between an upstream side temperature sensor and a downstream side temperature sensor respectively arranged on an upstream side and a downstream side of a heating element, the thermal flow rate meter comprising:
a detector that individually outputs an output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor and an output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor; and
a compensator that individually performs response compensation of the output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor and the output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor, wherein
a cutoff frequency of the compensator changes depending on a value of the output signal from the upstream side temperature sensor or a value of the output signal from the downstream side temperature sensor.
2. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , wherein
the upstream side temperature sensor and the downstream side temperature sensor are temperature sensitive resistors or thermocouples.
3. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , wherein
the detector includes: a first fixed resistor connected in series to the upstream side temperature sensor and connected to a ground potential; and a second fixed resistor connected in series to the downstream side temperature sensor and connected to the ground potential.
4. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 3 , wherein
a shape of the upstream side temperature sensor and a shape of the first fixed resistor are similar.
5. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 3 , wherein
a shape of the downstream side temperature sensor and a shape of the second fixed resistor are similar.
6. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 3 , further comprising:
a substrate; and
a diaphragm provided on the substrate,
wherein the upstream side temperature sensor and the downstream side temperature sensor are provided on the diaphragm, and
the first fixed resistor and the second fixed resistor are provided on the substrate outside the diaphragm.
7. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 3 , wherein the first fixed resistor and the second fixed resistor are arranged close to each other.
8. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 3 , wherein
a shape of the first fixed resistor and a shape of the second fixed resistor are similar.
9. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , further comprising
a linearizer that individually linearizes an output of the upstream side temperature sensor and an output of the downstream side temperature sensor.
10. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a first analog/digital converter that performs A/D conversion of an output of the upstream side temperature sensor; and a second analog/digital converter that performs A/D conversion of an output of the downstream side temperature sensor.
11. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 10 , further comprising
a reference voltage circuit that determines a reference voltage,
wherein the first analog/digital converter and the second analog/digital converter are connected to the same reference voltage circuit.
12. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 10 , wherein
the first analog/digital converter and the second analog/digital converter have a similar circuit configuration.
13. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 10 , further comprising
a clock generator that outputs a clock signal,
wherein the first analog/digital converter and the second analog/digital converter are connected to the same clock generator to operate by the same clock signal.
14. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , further comprising
an adder that adds the output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor and the output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor which have been individually response-compensated by the compensator.
15. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 14 , further comprising
a temperature control circuit that controls a temperature of the heating element based on an output signal of the adder.
16. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 14 , further comprising
a multiplier that performs sensitivity correction based on an output signal of the adder.
17. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , wherein the cutoff frequency is determined by a thermal conductivity value and a heat capacity value of either the upstream side temperature sensor or the downstream side temperature sensor.
18. The thermal flow rate meter according to claim 1 , wherein
a sensitivity value of the upstream side temperature sensor during forward flow of the gas is greater than the sensitivity value of the upstream side temperature sensor during backflow of the gas, and
a sensitivity value of the downstream side temperature sensor during backflow of the gas is greater than the sensitivity value of the upstream side temperature sensor during forward flow of the gas.
19. A thermal flow rate meter which measures a flow rate of a gas based on a temperature difference between an upstream side temperature sensor and a downstream side temperature sensor respectively arranged on an upstream side and a downstream side of a heating element, the thermal flow rate meter comprising:
a detector that individually outputs an output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor and an output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor;
a compensator that individually performs response compensation of the output signal of the upstream side temperature sensor and the output signal of the downstream side temperature sensor; and
a linearizer that individually linearizes an output of the upstream side temperature sensor and an output of the downstream side temperature sensor.
20. A thermal flow rate meter comprising an upstream side temperature sensor arranged on an upstream side of a heating element, the upstream side temperature sensor comprising:
a detector that detects a flow rate of air flowing across the upstream side temperature sensor;
a first multiplier that outputs an adjusted initial sensor temperature of the upstream side temperature sensor by multiplying a square root of the flow rate, an initial temperature of the upstream side temperature sensor, and a heat transfer coefficient;
a subtractor that outputs a heat loss difference by subtracting (1) a product of a first temperature change of the upstream side temperature sensor and a thermal conductivity of the upstream side temperature sensor, and (2) a product of the first temperature change of the upstream side temperature sensor, the heat transfer coefficient, and the square root of the flow rate, from the adjusted initial sensor temperature;
an integrator that outputs a second temperature change of the upstream side temperature sensor by integrating the heat loss difference with a heat capacity of the upstream side temperature sensor as a coefficient; and
a second multiplier that outputs an output voltage of the upstream side temperature sensor by multiplying the second temperature change and a sensitivity of a bridge circuit of the thermal flow rate meter.