Uninterruptible power supply apparatus

1. An uninterruptible power supply apparatus comprising:

a forward converter that converts three phase AC voltage supplied from a first AC power supply to DC voltage;

a capacitor that smoothes DC output voltage of the forward converter;

a reverse converter that converts terminal-to-terminal voltage of the capacitor to three phase AC voltage;

a first switch disposed corresponding to each phase of three phase AC voltage supplied from the reverse converter, the first switch having one terminal receiving AC voltage of a corresponding phase and the other terminal connected to a load;

a second switch disposed corresponding to each phase of three phase AC voltage supplied from a second AC power supply, the second switch having one terminal receiving AC voltage of a corresponding phase and the other terminal connected to the load;

a first control unit; and

a second control unit, wherein

the first control unit

(i) turns on the first switch and turns off the second switch in a first mode in which three phase AC voltage is supplied from the reverse converter to the load,

(ii) turns on the second switch and turns off the first switch in a second mode in which three phase AC voltage is supplied from the second AC power supply to the load, and

(iii) turns on both of the first and second switches and executes a third mode in which three phase AC voltage is supplied from both of the reverse converter and the second AC power supply to the load, in a switching period in which one mode of the first and second modes is switched to the other mode, and

the second control unit

(iv) controls the forward converter such that terminal-to-terminal voltage of the capacitor becomes a first reference voltage in the first and second modes and

(v) controls the forward converter such that terminal-to-terminal voltage of the capacitor becomes a second reference voltage higher than the first reference voltage in the switching period,

to prevent circulating current from flowing from one AC power supply of the first and second AC power supplies to the other AC power supply through the capacitor.

2. The uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

each of the first and second AC power supplies includes a three-phase AC power supply start-connected to a neutral point,

both of neutral points of the first and second AC power supplies are grounded, and

the first reference voltage is lower than a voltage twice a peak value of three phase AC voltage supplied from the first AC power supply, and

the second reference voltage is equal to or higher than a voltage twice the peak value of three phase AC voltage supplied from the first AC power supply.

3. The uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein

the first AC power supply is a commercial AC power supply, and

the second AC power supply is a power generator.

4. The uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:

a selector that selects one mode of the first and second modes;

a signal generating circuit that outputs a switch command signal in response to a mode selected by the selector being changed from one mode to the other mode; and

a timer that successively measures a first time, a second time, and a third time, in response to the switch command signal, wherein

in the switching period, the first control unit executes the third mode from when the first time is measured by the timer to when the second time is measured by the timer, and

in the switching period, the second control unit controls the forward converter such that terminal-to-terminal voltage of the capacitor becomes the second reference voltage, from when the switch command signal is output to when the third time is measured by the timer.

5. The uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to claim 4 , further comprising:

a reference voltage generating circuit that outputs the first reference voltage in the first and second modes and outputs the second reference voltage from when the switch command signal is output to when the third time is measured by the timer; and

a voltage detector that detects terminal-to-terminal voltage of the capacitor,

wherein the second control unit controls the forward converter such that a detected value of the voltage detector becomes an output voltage of the reference voltage generating circuit.

6. The uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a bidirectional chopper that stores DC power generated by the forward converter into a power storage device in a sound state of the first AC power supply and supplies DC power of the power storage device to the reverse converter at a time of a power failure of the first AC power supply.