Method of treating pain or interstitial cystitis using indole compound

1. A method of treating or preventing pain in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the human subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the following chemical structural formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain, or mixed pain.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is inflammatory pain, musculoskeletal pain, or cancer pain.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is pain of osteoarthritis, low back pain, pain of interstitial cystitis, or pain of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is pain of rheumatoid arthritis.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is not pain of rheumatoid arthritis.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is painful bladder syndrome, bladder pain syndrome, or chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is associated with inflammation, pancreatitis, kidney stones, a headache, dysmenorrhea, musculoskeletal pain, a sprain, visceral pain, an ovarian cyst, prostatitis, cystitis, inflammatory bowel disease, post-surgical pain, a migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, burns, wounds, trauma, post-herpetic neuralgia, a musculoskeletal disease, ankylosing spondylitis, a periarticular pathology, cancer, bone metastases, HIV, myocardial infarction, fracture, gout, joints, sciatica, a sickle cell crisis, endometriosis, fibromyalgia, incisional pain, erythromelalgia, malignant melanoma, Sjogren's syndrome, asthma, chronic abacterial prostatitis, uterine fibroids, vulvodynia, phantom limb pain, root avulsions, diabetic neuropathic pain, painful traumatic mononeuropathy, painful polyneuropathy, a central pain syndrome, repetitive motion pain, myofascial pain, perioperative pain, chronic pain, angina, primary hyperalgesia, secondary hyperalgesia, primary allodynia, secondary allodynia, osteoporosis, irritable bowel syndrome, pulpitis, a contusion of the skin, tendonitis, colic, appendicitis, peptic ulcer disease, bladder distension, a bruise, peritendinitis, frozen shoulder, spinal compression fracture, spinal stricture, spinal stenosis, spinal disc herniation, cervicobranchial syndrome, spinal burst fracture, pain after exodontia, acute arterial occlusion, or erythromelalgia.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-400 mg of the compound.

15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 75-200 mg of the compound.

17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 75-150 mg of the compound.

18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 75 mg, about 100 mg, about 125 mg, or about 150 mg of the compound.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 150 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

23. The method of claim 19 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 300 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

24. A method of treating or preventing interstitial cystitis in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the human subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the following chemical structural formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is characterized by at least one symptom selected from the group consisting of frequent urination, nocturia, urinary urgency, increased desire to urinate, hypersensitive bladder, bladder discomfort, bladder pain, and inflammation of the bladder.

26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is Hunner-type interstitial cystitis or non-Hunner-type interstitial cystitis.

27. The method of claim 24 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

28. The method of claim 24 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

29. The method of claim 24 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

30. A method of treating pain in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the human subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the following chemical structural formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

32. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

33. The method of claim 30 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

34. The method of claim 30 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

35. The method of claim 30 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

37. The method of claim 35 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

38. The method of claim 35 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

39. The method of claim 35 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

40. The method of claim 30 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

41. The method of claim 40 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

42. The method of claim 40 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

43. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pain is pain of interstitial cystitis.

44. The method of claim 43 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

45. The method of claim 43 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

46. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

47. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

48. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

49. The method of claim 48 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

50. The method of claim 48 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

51. The method of claim 48 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

52. The method of claim 48 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

53. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

54. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

55. The method of claim 43 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

56. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pain is painful bladder syndrome.

57. The method of claim 56 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

58. The method of claim 56 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

59. The method of claim 56 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

60. The method of claim 56 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

61. The method of claim 56 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

62. The method of claim 61 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

63. The method of claim 61 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

64. The method of claim 61 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

65. The method of claim 61 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

66. The method of claim 56 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

67. The method of claim 66 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

68. The method of claim 66 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

69. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pain is bladder pain syndrome.

70. The method of claim 69 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

71. The method of claim 69 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

72. The method of claim 69 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

73. The method of claim 69 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

74. The method of claim 69 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

75. The method of claim 74 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

76. The method of claim 74 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

77. The method of claim 74 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

78. The method of claim 74 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

79. The method of claim 69 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

80. The method of claim 79 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

81. The method of claim 79 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

82. The method of claim 30 , wherein the pain is chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

83. The method of claim 82 , wherein the pain is moderate pain, moderate to severe pain, or severe pain.

84. The method of claim 82 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

85. The method of claim 82 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

86. The method of claim 82 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

87. The method of claim 82 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

88. The method of claim 87 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

89. The method of claim 87 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

90. The method of claim 87 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

91. The method of claim 87 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

92. The method of claim 82 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

93. The method of claim 92 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

94. The method of claim 92 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

95. A method of treating interstitial cystitis in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the human subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the following chemical structural formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

96. The method of claim 95 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is characterized by at least one symptom selected from the group consisting of frequent urination, nocturia, urinary urgency, increased desire to urinate, hypersensitive bladder, bladder discomfort, bladder pain, and inflammation of the bladder.

97. The method of claim 95 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is Hunner-type interstitial cystitis.

98. The method of claim 95 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is non-Hunner-type interstitial cystitis.

99. The method of claim 95 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

100. The method of claim 95 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

101. The method of claim 95 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

102. The method of claim 95 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

103. The method of claim 102 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

104. The method of claim 102 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

105. The method of claim 102 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

106. The method of claim 102 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

107. The method of claim 95 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

108. The method of claim 107 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

109. The method of claim 107 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

110. The method of claim 95 , wherein the interstitial cystitis is characterized by at least one symptom selected from the group consisting of frequent urination, bladder discomfort, and bladder pain.

111. The method of claim 110 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a monohydrochloride.

112. The method of claim 110 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally.

113. The method of claim 110 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily.

114. The method of claim 110 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to no less than 50 mg of the compound.

115. The method of claim 114 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50-200 mg of the compound.

116. The method of claim 114 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 50 mg of the compound.

117. The method of claim 114 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 100 mg of the compound.

118. The method of claim 114 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally at a dose equivalent to about 150 mg of the compound.

119. The method of claim 110 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 100 ng/mL to about 550 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

120. The method of claim 119 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 150 ng/mL to about 250 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.

121. The method of claim 119 , wherein the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered once daily and results in mean trough concentration (C trough ) of the compound of about 250 ng/mL to about 350 ng/mL for at least about 12 weeks.