Optical system and method for providing compressed eyebox

1. A method, comprising:

determining eye tracking information of an eye pupil; and

selectively configuring, based on the eye tracking information, one or more combinations of gratings included in a plurality of grating sets coupled with one or more waveguides to operate in a diffraction state to direct an image light to propagate through one or more sub-eyeboxes of a plurality of sub-eyeboxes, the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining an uncompressed eyebox, and the one or more sub-eyeboxes of the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining a compressed eyebox having a size smaller than a size of the uncompressed eyebox,

wherein at least one of the plurality of grating sets includes a plurality of gratings arranged in a stacked configuration or an interleaved configuration, and

wherein the one or more combinations of gratings include one or more directly switchable gratings, and one or more indirectly switchable gratings optically coupled with one or more polarization switches.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the eye tracking information comprises determining at least one of a size of the eye pupil, a position of the eye pupil, a viewing direction of the eye pupil, or a moving direction of the eye pupil.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the size of the compressed eyebox is larger than and comparable with the size of the eye pupil, and a location of the compressed eyebox corresponds to the position of the eye pupil.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selectively configuring one or more remaining combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in a non-diffraction state.

5. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the one or more directly switchable gratings are electrically coupled with one or more power sources, and

wherein selectively configuring the one or more combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in the diffraction state includes:

controlling the one or more power sources to supply one or more voltages to the one or more directly switchable gratings to configure the one or more directly switchable gratings to operate in the diffraction state.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the one or more directly switchable gratings include at least one directly switchable grating having a varying slant angle.

7. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein selectively configuring the one or more combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in the diffraction state includes:

controlling the one or more polarization switches to operate in a switching state to change a polarization of the image light before the image light is incident onto the one or more indirectly switchable gratings, or to operate in a non-switching state to maintain the polarization of the image light before the image light is incident onto the one or more indirectly switchable gratings.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the one or more indirectly switchable gratings include at least one indirectly switchable grating having a varying slant angle.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the eye tracking information further comprises:

capturing image data of the eye pupil; and

analyzing the image data to obtain the eye tracking information of the eye pupil.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the eye tracking information comprises predicting at least one of a size of the eye pupil, a position of the eye pupil, a viewing direction of the eye pupil, or a moving direction of the eye pupil.

11. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein selectively configuring the one or more combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in the diffraction state includes:

selectively configuring the one or more combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in the diffraction state to deliver a predetermined field of view of the image light toward each of the one or more sub-eyeboxes forming the compressed eyebox.

12. A method, comprising:

determining eye tracking information of an eye pupil; and

selectively configuring, based on the eye tracking information, one or more combinations of gratings included in a plurality of grating sets coupled with one or more waveguides to operate in a diffraction state to direct an image light to propagate through one or more sub-eyeboxes of a plurality of sub-eyeboxes, the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining an uncompressed eyebox, and the one or more sub-eyeboxes of the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining a compressed eyebox having a size smaller than a size of the uncompressed eyebox,

wherein the one or more combinations of gratings include one or more directly switchable gratings electrically coupled with one or more power sources, and one or more indirectly switchable gratings optically coupled with one or more polarization switches,

wherein selectively configuring the one or more combinations of gratings included in the plurality of grating sets to operate in the diffraction state includes:

controlling the one or more power sources to supply one or more voltages to the one or more directly switchable gratings to configure the one or more directly switchable gratings to operate in the diffraction state; and

controlling the one or more polarization switches to operate in a switching state to change a polarization of the image light before the image light is incident onto the one or more indirectly switchable gratings, or to operate in a non-switching state to maintain the polarization of the image light before the image light is incident onto the one or more indirectly switchable gratings.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the one or more directly switchable gratings include at least one directly switchable grating having a varying slant angle, and the one or more indirectly switchable gratings include at least one indirectly switchable grating having a varying slant angle.

14. A method, comprising:

generating an image light; and

selectively configuring one or more light deflecting elements of a plurality of light deflecting elements to operate in a deflection state to direct the image light to propagate through one or more sub-eyeboxes of a plurality of sub-eyeboxes, the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining an uncompressed eyebox, and the one or more sub-eyeboxes of the plurality of sub-eyeboxes defining a compressed eyebox having a size smaller than a size of the uncompressed eyebox,

wherein the plurality of light deflecting elements are arranged in a stacked configuration or an interleaved configuration, and

wherein the plurality of light deflecting elements include one or more directly switchable light deflecting elements, and one or more indirectly light deflecting elements optically coupled with one or more polarization switches.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein selectively configuring the one or more light deflecting elements of the plurality of light deflecting elements to operate in the deflection state to direct the image light to propagate through the one or more sub-eyeboxes defining the compressed eyebox comprises:

selectively configuring the one or more light deflecting elements of the plurality of light deflecting elements to operate in the deflection state to direct the image light to propagate through the one or more sub-eyeboxes defining the compressed eyebox based on eye tracking information.

16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising obtaining the eye tracking information.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein obtaining the eye tracking information comprises:

obtaining image data of an eye pupil; and

analyzing the image data to obtain at least one of a size of the eye pupil, a position of the eye pupil, a viewing direction of the eye pupil, or a moving direction of the eye pupil.

18. The method of claim 16 , wherein obtaining the eye tracking information comprises predicting at least one of a size of the eye pupil, a position of the eye pupil, a viewing direction of the eye pupil, or a moving direction of the eye pupil.

19. The method of claim 14 , further comprising selectively configuring one or more remaining light deflecting elements of the plurality of light deflecting elements to operate in a non-deflection state.

20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the plurality of light deflecting elements include at least one of cascaded reflectors, prismatic surface elements, or an array of holographic reflectors.