Liquid protein formulations containing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Concentrated, low-viscosity, low-volume liquid pharmaceutical formulations of proteins have been developed. Such formulations can be rapidly and conveniently administered by subcutaneous (SC) or intramuscular (IM) injection, rather than by lengthy intravenous infusion. These formulations include low-molecular-weight and/or high-molecular-weight proteins, such as mAbs, and organophosphates. The viscosity of the formulation is significantly reduced by the addition of one or more organophosphates.
1. A liquid pharmaceutical formulation for injection comprising:
(i) at least about 150 mg/ml of an antibody;
(ii) a viscosity-reducing organophosphate, wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises
about 0.1 M to about 0.5 M of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or
about 0.1 M of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent;
wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation, when in a volume suitable for injection, has an absolute viscosity of from about 1 cP to about 100 cP at 25° C. as measured using a cone and plate viscometer or a microfluidic viscometer; and the absolute viscosity of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is less than an absolute viscosity of a control composition comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent but without the viscosity-reducing organophosphate; and
wherein the absolute viscosity is an extrapolated zero-shear viscosity.
2. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the antibody has a molecular weight of from about 120 kDa to about 250 kDa.
5. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , comprising from about 150 mg/ml to about 240 mg/ml of the antibody.
6. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent is aqueous.
7. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , further comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprising a sugar, sugar alcohol, buffering agent, preservative, carrier, antioxidant, chelating agent, natural polymer, synthetic polymer, cryoprotectant, lyoprotectant, surfactant, bulking agent, stabilizing agent, or any combination thereof.
8. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 7 , wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a polysorbate, poloxamer 188, sodium lauryl sulfate, a polyol, a poly(ethylene glycol), glycerol, a propylene glycol, or a poly(vinyl alcohol).
9. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 7 , wherein the sugar alcohol is sorbitol or mannitol.
10. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 in a unit-dose vial, multi-dose vial, cartridge, or pre-filled syringe.
11. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is isotonic to human blood serum.
12. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the absolute viscosity is measured at a shear rate of at least about 0.5 s −1 when measured using a cone and plate viscometer.
13. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the absolute viscosity is measured at a shear rate of at least about 1.0 s −1 when measured using a microfluidic viscometer.
14. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
15. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is reconstituted from a lyophilized composition.
16. A method of administering a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody to a subject, the method comprising subcutaneously or intramuscularly injecting the liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 into the subject.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the injecting produces a primary irritation index of less than 3 when evaluated using a Draize scoring system.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the injecting has an injection force that is at least 10% less than an injection force for a control composition, the control composition comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, but without the viscosity-reducing organophosphate, when administered in the same way as the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the injecting has an injection force that is at least 20% less than an injection force for a control composition, the control composition comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, but without the viscosity-reducing organophosphate, when administered in the same way as the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the injecting is performed with a needle between 27 and 31 gauge in diameter.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the injecting has an injection force that is less than 30 N with a 27 gauge needle.
22. The method of claim 16 , wherein the injecting is performed with a heated syringe, a self-mixing syringe, an auto-injector, a pre-filled syringe, or combinations thereof.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation has a volume equal to or less than about 1.5 mL for the subcutaneous injecting, or equal to or less than about 3 mL for the intramuscular injecting.
24. A method of preparing the liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 comprising the step of combining the antibody, the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, and the viscosity-reducing organophosphate.
25. A lyophilized composition comprising:
(i) an antibody;
(ii) a viscosity-reducing organophosphate, wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises
cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient,
wherein the lyophilized composition is reconstitutable to have at least about 150 mg/ml of the antibody, about 0.1 M to about 0.5 M of cAMP or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or about 0.1 M of ATP or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an absolute viscosity of from about 1 cP to about 100 cP at 25° C. as measured using a cone and plate viscometer or a microfluidic viscometer, wherein the absolute viscosity is an extrapolated zero-shear viscosity.
26. The lyophilized composition of claim 25 , wherein, once reconstituted, the antibody has a concentration of at least 100 mg/ml.
27. The lyophilized composition of claim 25 , wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
28. The lyophilized composition of claim 25 , wherein the viscosity-reducing organophosphate comprises adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.