Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) producing microbes, and methods of making and using the same
Aspects of the invention include host cells that are engineered to produce benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs). The host cells include heterologous coding sequences for a variety of enzymes involved in synthetic pathways from starting compounds to BIAs of the host cell. Also provided are methods of producing the BIAs of interest by culturing the host cells under culture conditions that promote expression of enzymes encoded by the heterologous coding sequences of the host cells. Aspects of the invention further include compositions, e.g., host cells, starting compounds and kits, etc., that find use in methods of the invention.
1. A yeast cell that produces thebaine, wherein the cell comprises heterologous coding sequences to express the enzymes salutaridine synthase (SalSyn), salutaridine reductase (SalR) and salutaridinol 7-O-acetyltransferase (SalAT) that are integrated stably into the genome of the cell and enable the cell to produce thebaine.
2. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the host cell further comprises enzymes capable of producing one or more opiate compounds selected from morphine, codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, hydromorphone and oripavine from thebaine.
3. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the host cell comprises multiple copies of the heterologous coding sequences.
4. The yeast cell of claim 3 , wherein the multiple copies of the heterologous coding sequences are derived from two or more different source organisms as compared to the host cell.
5. The yeast cell of claim 4 , wherein a source organism is Papaver somniferum, Papaver bracteatum, Papaver orientale, Papaver spp, Homo sapiens or Rattus spp.
6. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the cell further comprises heterologous coding sequences for CYP2D6 and CYP2D2.
7. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the cell produces salutaridine from reticuline.
8. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous coding sequences are codon-optimized for yeast expression.
9. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the SalAT is selected from the SalAT variants listed in of Papaver sominiferum, Papaver bracteatum, Papaver oriental or Papaver spp.
10. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the SalR is selected from the SalR variants listed in of Papaver sominiferum, Papaver bracteatum or Papaver spp.
11. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the SalR is Papaver bracteatum SalR; and/or
(ii) the heterologous coding sequence for SalR has a F104A or I275A mutation as compared to Papaver bracteatum SalR.
12. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the host cell further comprises heterologous coding sequences for thebaine 6-O-demethylase (T6ODM) and morphine reductase (morB).
13. The yeast cell of claim 12 , wherein hydrocodone is produced.
14. The yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the yeast cell expresses one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of codeine O-demethylase (CODM), thebaine 6-O-demethylase (T6ODM), codeinone reductase (COR), morphine dehydrogenase (morA) and morphinone reductase (morB).
15. A method of producing thebaine, comprising culturing the yeast cell of claim 1 .