Portable positioning and odometry system
A positioning and odometry system (POS) includes one or more sensors configured to collect sensor data. The one or more sensors are operably coupled to a portable housing configured to be coupled to a vehicle body. POS has processing circuitry operably coupled to the one or more sensors. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, in response to the collected sensor data from the one or more sensors, vehicle position and odometry data.
1. A positioning and odometry system (POS) comprising:
a vehicle configured to operate in a communication-based train control (CBTC) system, the vehicle including:
a vehicle bogie configured to travel along a track; and
a vehicle body that includes a mounting space separate from the vehicle bogie, wherein the mounting space is a sub-rack measuring less than 3U in height;
a first portable housing in the mounting space and coupled to the vehicle body, the first portable housing including sensors configured to collect vehicle positioning and odometry data, the sensors including an ultra-wideband (UWB) radio, a radar, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU), each enclosed in the first portable housing; and
a second portable housing, separate from the first portable housing, including:
processing circuitry operably coupled to the UWB radio, the radar, and the IMU; and
a radio configured to perform radio communications with a trackside unit,
the processing circuitry being configured to determine, in response to the collected vehicle positioning and odometry data from the sensors:
vehicle position; and
vehicle speed,
the determining the vehicle position including measuring a distance from the vehicle to a landmark using data from the UWB radio.
2. The POS of claim 1 , wherein:
the second portable housing is coupled to the vehicle body, and
the radio is operably coupled with the processing circuitry.
3. The POS of claim 1 , further comprising:
a camera operably coupled to the processing circuitry; and
a LiDAR operably coupled to the processing circuitry,
wherein:
the second portable housing is coupled to the vehicle body, and
the second portable housing includes the camera and the LiDAR.
4. The POS of claim 3 , further comprising:
a graphical processing unit (GPU) operably coupled to the processing circuitry to support processing of the camera and the LiDAR, the GPU and the processing circuitry being included in the first portable housing.
5. The POS of claim 3 , wherein the camera is a visible spectrum camera or a near IR camera.
6. The POS of claim 1 , wherein:
the processing circuitry is configured to operably connect to additional portable housings that, when combined together, create a modular VOBC in the CBTC system.
7. The POS of claim 1 , wherein:
the POS determines the speed without coupling to a sensor on the vehicle bogie.
8. The POS of claim 1 , wherein:
the IMU is a first IMU,
the POS further comprises a second IMU, and
the first IMU and the second IMU are both enclosed in the first portable housing.
9. A portable positioning and odometry system (PPOS) comprising:
a processing unit;
a communications radio;
an ultra-wideband (UWB) radio;
a first radar;
a first inertial measurement unit (IMU); and
at least one interface coupling the processing unit to the UWB radio, the first radar, and the first IMU,
wherein:
the processing unit and the communications radio are enclosed in a first single enclosure that is configured to be coupled to a body of a vehicle wherein the first single enclosure includes a sub-rack measuring less than 13.3 cm in height,
the UWB radio, the first radar, and the first IMU are all enclosed in a second single enclosure, separate from the first single enclosure, that is configured to be coupled to the body of the vehicle,
the processing unit is configured to measure a distance from the vehicle to a landmark using data from the UWB radio, and
the communications radio is configured to perform radio communications with a trackside unit.
10. The PPOS as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
the PPOS is configured to provide a Safety Integrity Level of 0 or 2, and
the first radar is the only radar in the second single enclosure.
11. The PPOS as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the first IMU is the only IMU in the second single enclosure.
12. The PPOS as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
the PPOS is configured to provide a Safety Integrity Level of 4,
the PPOS further comprises a second radar, and
the first radar and the second radar are both enclosed in the second single enclosure.
13. The PPOS as claimed in claim 12 , wherein:
the PPOS further comprises a second IMU, and
the first IMU and the second IMU are both enclosed in the second single enclosure.
14. A portable positioning and odometry system (PPOS) comprising:
an ultra-wideband (UWB) radio, a radar, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU), all enclosed in a single sensor housing that is configured to be coupled to a body of a vehicle, the vehicle body including a space in a sub-rack measuring less than 3U or 13.3 cm in height, the single sensor housing configured to fit in the space;
a processor housing, separate from the sensor housing, that includes processing circuitry and a communications radio, the processing circuitry operably connected to the UWB radio, the radar, and the IMU; and
a memory in the processor housing and operably connected to the processing circuitry, wherein the memory includes stored instructions that, in response to being executed by the processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to:
receive sensor data from the UWB radio, the radar, and the IMU;
determine, using the received sensor data, vehicle position and vehicle odometry data, including measuring a distance from the vehicle to a landmark using data from the UWB radio; and
use the communications radio to perform radio communications with a trackside unit.
15. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the stored instructions further cause the processing circuitry to:
verify that the vehicle position and the vehicle odometry data are reliable through post installation check out (PICO) tests.
16. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the stored instructions further cause the processing circuitry to:
execute automatic train protection functions.
17. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the stored instructions further cause the processing circuitry to:
execute automatic train operation functions.
18. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the communications radio is configured to communicate with one or more positioning devices within a communication-based train control (CBTC) system.
19. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the stored instructions further cause the processing circuitry to:
perform post installation check out (PICO) tests to verify installation of trackside equipment.
20. The PPOS of claim 14 , wherein:
the PPOS is coupled to a vehicle that operates on a track, and
the stored instructions further cause the processing circuitry to:
perform positioning and odometry functions without the vehicle and the trackside unit being equipped with a communication-based train control (CBTC) system.