Liquid protein formulations containing 4-ethyl-4-methylmorpholinium methylcarbonate (EMMC)
Concentrated, low-viscosity, low-volume liquid pharmaceutical formulations of proteins have been developed. Such formulations can be rapidly and conveniently administered by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, rather than by lengthy intravenous infusion. These formulations include low-molecular-weight and/or high-molecular-weight proteins, such as mAbs, and viscosity-reducing ionic liquids.
1. A liquid pharmaceutical formulation for injection comprising:
(i) an antibody;
(ii) about 0.1 M to about 0.4 M of 4-ethyl-4-methylmorpholinium methylcarbonate (EMMC) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent;
wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation, when in a volume suitable for injection, has an absolute viscosity of from about 1 cP to about 100 cP at 25° C. as measured using a cone and plate viscometer or a microfluidic viscometer; and the absolute viscosity of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is less than an absolute viscosity of a control composition comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent but without the EMMC; and
wherein the absolute viscosity is an extrapolated zero-shear viscosity.
2. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
3. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the antibody has a molecular weight of from about 120 kDa to about 250 kDa.
4. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , comprising from about 191 mg/ml to about 270 mg/ml of the antibody.
5. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent is aqueous.
6. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , further comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprising a sugar, sugar alcohol, buffering agent, preservative, carrier, antioxidant, chelating agent, natural polymer, synthetic polymer, cryoprotectant, lyoprotectant, surfactant, bulking agent, stabilizing agent, or any combination thereof.
7. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 6 , wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients is a polysorbate, poloxamer 188, sodium lauryl sulfate, a polyol, a poly(ethylene glycol), glycerol, a propylene glycol, or a poly(vinyl alcohol).
8. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 6 , wherein the sugar alcohol is sorbitol or mannitol.
9. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 in a unit-dose vial, multi-dose vial, cartridge, or pre-filled syringe.
10. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is isotonic to human blood serum.
11. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the absolute viscosity is measured at a shear rate of at least about 0.5 s −1 when measured using a cone and plate viscometer or at a shear rate of at least about 1.0 s −1 when measured using a microfluidic viscometer.
12. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is reconstituted from a lyophilized composition.
13. A method of administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody comprising subcutaneously or intramuscularly injecting the liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 into the subject.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the injection is performed with a syringe.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the syringe is a heated syringe, a self-mixing syringe, an auto-injector, a prefilled syringe, or combinations thereof.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the syringe is a heated syringe and the liquid pharmaceutical formulation has a temperature between 25° C. and 40° C.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation produces a primary irritation index of less than 3 when evaluated using a Draize scoring system.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is injected by an injection force that is at least 10% less than an injection force for a liquid pharmaceutical formulation comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, but without the EMMC or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is injected by an injection force that is at least 20% less than an injection force for a liquid pharmaceutical formulation comprising the antibody and the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, but without the EMMC or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein the injection is performed with a needle between 27 and 31 gauge in diameter and the injection force is less than 30 N with the 27 gauge needle.
21. The method of claim 13 , wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation has a volume of less than about 1.5 mL for subcutaneous (SC) injection, or less than about 3 mL for intramuscular (IM) injection.
22. A method of preparing the liquid pharmaceutical formulation of claim 1 , comprising the step of combining the antibody, the pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, and the EMMC or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
23. A lyophilized composition comprising:
(i) an antibody;
(ii) 4-ethyl-4-methylmorpholinium methylcarbonate (EMMC) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient,
wherein the lyophilized composition is reconstitutable to have about 0.1 M to about 0.4 M of EMMC or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an absolute viscosity of from about 1 cP to about 100 cP at 25° C. as measured using a cone and plate viscometer or a microfluidic viscometer, wherein the absolute viscosity is an extrapolated zero-shear viscosity.
24. The lyophilized composition of claim 23 , wherein, once reconstituted, the antibody has a concentration of at least 100 mg/ml.