Orally ingestible delivery system
The invention includes an orally ingestible delivery system for releasing a therapeutic agent within an intestine of a mammal, where the system includes the therapeutic agent and a differentially permeable capsule system containing the therapeutic agent within a therapeutic agent compartment, with the differentially permeable capsule system dimensionally adapted for oral ingestion and for passage into a stomach of the mammal and thence into the intestine, wherein the differentially permeable capsule system comprises an acid-resistant shell and a dispersible acid barrier, wherein the dispersible acid barrier forms while the orally-ingestible delivery system is in the stomach; and wherein the dispersible acid barrier is dispersed in the intestine, thereby permitting enzymes in the intestine to reach the therapeutic agent compartment. The invention also includes methods of manufacturing the system and methods for its use.
1. A method of delivering a therapeutic agent into an intestine of a mammal, comprising:
orally administering an orally ingestible delivery system (OIDS) to the mammal, wherein the OIDS comprises a therapeutic agent and a differentially permeable capsule system, wherein the therapeutic agent is contained within a therapeutic agent compartment;
wherein the differentially permeable capsule system comprises an acid-resistant protease-digestible membrane and a gas-producing substance;
wherein the acid-resistant protease-digestible membrane comprises an inner protease-digestible layer and an outer acid-resistant layer,
wherein the inner protease-digestible layer surrounds the therapeutic agent compartment;
wherein the outer acid-resistant layer is perforated by a system of pores providing fluid communication between the external surface of the acid-resistant protease-digestible membrane and the inner protease-digestible layer, and wherein the gas-producing substance is contained within the system of pores;
wherein the OIDS passes into the stomach of the mammal after the oral administration,
and the gas-producing substance reacts with stomach acid to form a dispersible acid barrier, wherein the dispersible acid barrier is a gas and is formed within the pores and on the exterior surface of the outer acid-resistant layer, and wherein the dispersible acid barrier inhibits contact between the acid-resistant protease-digestible membrane and the gastric juice of the stomach; and
wherein the gas-producing substance is a carbonate and wherein the gas is carbon dioxide;
and
wherein the OIDS comprising the dispersible acid barrier passes into the intestine,
wherein the dispersible acid barrier is dispersed by interaction of the carbon dioxide with bicarbonate in the intestine, and the intestinal fluids penetrate the acid-resistant protease-digestible membrane following the dispersal of the dispersible acid barrier to release the therapeutic agent from the therapeutic agent compartment;
thereby delivering the therapeutic agent to the intestine.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the intestinal fluids impair integrity of the inner protease-digestible layer, thereby facilitating release of the therapeutic agent from the therapeutic agent compartment.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is a protein or a peptide.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is a living organism.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbonate is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and magnesium carbonate.
6. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising orally administering an acid to the patient before, during or after oral administration of the OIDS.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner protease-digestible layer comprises gelatin.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbonate is solid bicarbonate.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the intestine is the small intestine.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the bicarbonate is a component of duodenal fluid.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is a prebiotic.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is a probiotic.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein therapeutic agent is a small molecule.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the system of pores is an interconnected system of pores.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer acid-resistant layer comprises a wax.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of beeswax, soybean wax, and carnauba wax.