Method of and apparatus for in-situ repair of reflective optic
Method of and apparatus for repairing an optical element disposed in a vacuum chamber while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber. An exposed surface of the optical element is exposed to an ion flux generated by an ion source to remove at least some areas of the surface that have been damaged by exposure to the environment within the vacuum chamber. The method and apparatus are especially applicable to repair multilayer mirrors serving as collectors in systems for generating EUV light for use in semiconductor photolithography.
1. A method of repairing an optical element in a vacuum chamber in which EUV radiation has been generated, the method comprising:
cleaning an exposed surface of the optical element while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber by subjecting the exposed surface to hydrogen radicals to remove at least some of a contaminant deposited on the exposed surface during EUV radiation generation, to produce a cleaned exposed surface; and
subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux to remove at least some areas of the exposed surface of the optical element that have been damaged by deposition of the contaminant during EUV radiation generation by providing an ion gun and a mechanical actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun, controlling the actuator to move the ion gun to direct the ion gun toward at least a portion of the cleaned exposed surface of the optical element, and controlling the ion gun to generate the ion flux.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux comprises generating a beam of ions and wherein a cross-sectional size of the beam at the cleaned exposed surface is in the range of 2 cm to 50 cm.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux comprises generating ions having an energy in a range between 200 volts and 1000 volts.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the optical element is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux comprises generating and directing towards the at least some areas ions having an energy selected to cause sputtering of the cleaned exposed surface effective to remove the least some areas of the clean exposed surface.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein providing an ion gun and an actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun comprises positioning the ion gun near a primary focus of the optical element.
6. A method of repairing a multilayer collector mirror in a system for producing EUV radiation for semiconductor photolithography, the multilayer collector mirror being disposed in a vacuum chamber in which a source material is used to produce the EUV radiation, the method comprising:
cleaning an exposed surface of the multilayer collector mirror while the multilayer collector mirror is in the vacuum chamber by subjecting the exposed surface to hydrogen radicals to remove at least some source material deposited on the exposed surface during production of the EUV radiation to produce a cleaned exposed surface; and
subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the multilayer collector mirror is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux to remove at least some areas of the exposed surface damaged by source material deposited on the exposed surface during production of the EUV radiation by providing an ion gun and a mechanical actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun, controlling the actuator to move the ion gun to direct the ion gun toward at least a portion of the cleaned exposed surface of the optical element, and controlling the ion gun to generate the ion flux.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface to an ion flux comprises generating a beam and wherein a cross-section size of the beam at the exposed surface is in the range of 2 cm to 50 cm.
8. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface to an ion flux comprises generating ions having an energy in a range between 200 volts and 1000 volts.
9. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface to an ion flux comprises generating and directing towards the surface portion ions having an energy selected to cause sputtering of the cleaned exposed surface effective to remove the at least some areas.
10. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein providing an ion gun and an actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun comprises positioning the ion gun near a primary focus of the multilayer collector mirror.
11. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface to an ion flux comprises the additional steps of:
generating the ion flux using an ion gun; and
directing the ion gun to cause ions to sequentially strike substantially all areas of the clean exposed surface that have been damaged by source material being deposited on the exposed surface during production of the EUV radiation.
12. A method of repairing a multilayer collector mirror in a system for producing EUV radiation for semiconductor photolithography, the multilayer collector mirror being disposed in a vacuum chamber containing an irradiation region at which an EUV target material has been irradiated to produce EUV radiation, the method comprising:
cleaning an exposed surface of the multilayer collector mirror while the multilayer collector mirror is in the vacuum chamber by subjecting the exposed surface to hydrogen radicals to remove at least some EUV target material, deposited when the EUV target material was irradiated to produce the EUV radiation, to produce a cleaned exposed surface; and
subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the multilayer collector mirror is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux to remove at least some areas of the surface of the multilayer collector mirror by providing an ion gun and a mechanical actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun, controlling the actuator to move the ion gun to direct the ion gun toward at least a portion of the cleaned exposed surface of the optical element, and controlling the ion gun to generate the ion flux.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein subjecting the cleaned exposed surface while the multilayer collector mirror is in the vacuum chamber to an ion flux to remove at least some areas of the surface of the multilayer collector mirror comprises removing at least some areas of the multilayer collector mirror damaged by the EUV target material being deposited on the exposed surface of the multilayer collector mirror during production of the EUV radiation.
14. A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein providing an ion gun and an actuator mechanically coupled to the ion gun comprises positioning the ion gun near a primary focus of the multilayer collector mirror.