Stabilized fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions and methods for their production, storage and usage
The present invention relates to refrigerant compositions comprising at least one fluoroolefin, at least one lubricant and an effective amount of at least one inhibitor wherein the inhibitor is present in the fluoroolefin and the lubricant.
1. A refrigerant composition comprising HFO-1234ze, HFO-1225ye, trifluoropropyne and greater than 99 wt. % HFO-1234yf hydrofluoroolefin, at least one lubricant, at least one member selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, cumene hydroperoxide, and fluoroolefin polyperoxides, peroxides, hydroperoxides, persulfates, percarbonates, perborates and hydropersulfates and up to about 1000 ppm of a liquid inhibitor which remains liquid at a temperature of from about −80 to 180° C., comprises at least limonene to render the composition with less than about 0.03 wt. % of homopolymeric products derived from the HFO-1234yf hydrofluoroolefin.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises less than about 0.003 wt % of homopolymeric products.
3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFC-32, HFC-125, HFC-134a, HFC-152a, HFC-236fa, HFC-227ea and carbon dioxide.
4. The composition of claim 1 or 3 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFC-134a, HFO-1243zf, HCFO-1233xf, HFC-244bb and HFC-245cb.
5. The composition of claim 1 or 3 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of HCC-40, HCFC-22, CFC-115, HCFC-124, HCFC-1122, and CFC-1113.
6. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, tertiary-butylhydroquinone, gallate, 2-phenyl-2-propanol, 1-(2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-butaone, phenolics, bisphenol methane derivatives, and 2,2′-methylene bis (4-methyl-6-t-butyl phenol).
7. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one antioxidant.
8. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFO-1225yeZ, HFO-1243zf, HFC-236ea, and HFC-245fa.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the member comprises HFO-1225yeZ.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is substantially free of at least one of ammonia and CF3I.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is substantially free of ammonia or CF3I.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the inhibitor comprises d-limonene and the lubricant comprise POE.
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the inhibitor is miscible in the lubricant.
14. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFO-1243zf and HFC-32.
15. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of inhibitor ranges from about 10 to about 1,000 ppm.
16. The composition of claim 15 wherein the amount of inhibitor ranges from about 10 to about 500 ppm.
17. A container comprising the refrigerant composition of claim 1 .
18. A refrigerant composition consisting essentially of hydrofluoroolefins comprising at least HFO-1234ze, HFO-1225ye, trifluoropropyne, greater than 99 wt. % HFO-1234yf and optionally HFO-1243zf, at least one initiator compound in an amount up to 15,000 ppm, an inhibitor which remains liquid at a temperature of between about −80 to 180° C., in an amount up to 1000 ppm which reduces, if not eliminates, conversion of at least HFO-1234yf into homopolymers and is selected from at least one of limonene and a-terpinene, and optionally at least one of a lubricant, an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, a performance enhancer, and a flame suppressant.
19. The composition of claim 18 wherein the composition further comprises HFO-1243zf and the at least one initiator compound is selected from at least of air, oxygen, cumene hydroperoxide, and fluoroolefin polyperoxides, peroxides, hydroperoxides, persulfates, percarbonates, perborates and hydropersulfates.
20. The composition of claim 18 wherein the inhibitor is present in an amount of about 30 to about 500 ppm.
21. The composition of claim 18 containing air in an amount between 10 and 15,000 ppm of air.
22. The composition of claim 21 containing up to 6,600 ppm of air.
23. The composition of claim 21 containing between 10 and 3000 ppm of air.
24. The composition of claim 21 containing between 10 and 2000 ppm of air.
25. The composition of claim 21 containing between 10 and 500 ppm of air.
26. A refrigerant composition consisting essentially of HFO-1234ze, HFO-1225ye, trifluoropropyne and (i) at least one additional member selected from the group consisting of HFO-1225yeZ, HFO-1243zf, HFC-236ea, and HFC-245fa, (ii) at least one lubricant, (iii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, cumene hydroperoxide, and fluoroolefin polyperoxides, perioxides, hydroperoxides, persulfates, percarbonates, perborates and hydropersulfates, and (iv) between 50 ppm to about 1000 ppm of a liquid inhibitor which remains liquid at a temperature of from about −80 to 180° C., and which comprises at least limonene to render the composition with less than about 0.03 wt. % of homopolymeric products derived from the HFO-1234yf hydrofluoroolefin and wherein greater than 99 % HFO-1234yf is present.
27. A refrigerant composition comprising at least one vapor phase fluoroolefin, at least one liquid phase fluoroolefin, at least one cyclic monoterpene liquid phase inhibitor comprising d-limonene or α-terpinene and mixtures thereof, and at least one lubricant wherein the inhibitor is a liquid over the temperature ranges of ˜−80 to 180° C., and is present in the liquid phase fluoroolefin and the lubricant and the fluoroolefin comprises greater than 99 wt. % HFO-1234yf, HFO-1225ye and at least one of HFO-1234ze and trifluoropropyne, and up to about 500 ppm of the inhibitor which limits homopolymeric products derived from the hydrofluoroolefin to at most 0.03 wt. %.
28. The composition of claim 27 wherein the amount of inhibitor ranges from about 30 to about 200 ppm, and up to 15,000 ppm of an oxidizing initiator is present.
29. The composition of claim 27 wherein the inhibitor comprises d-limonene and the lubricant comprises POE.
30. The composition of claim 27 containing one of cumene hydroperoxide and air.
31. The composition of claim 27 containing between 30 and 2000 ppm of air.
32. The composition of claim 27 containing between 10 and 2000 ppm of air.
33. The composition of claim 27 containing between 10 and 1000 ppm of air.
34. The composition of claim 27 containing between 10 and 500 ppm of air.
35. A method for heating or cooling using the composition of claim 20 .
36. A container comprising the refrigerant composition of claim 20 .