Hydraulic actuator with a frequency dependent relative pressure ratio
Disclosed herein are hydraulic actuators and methods for the operation of actuators having variable relative pressure ratios. Further disclosed are methods for designing and/or operating a hydraulic actuator such that the actuator exhibits a variable relative pressure ratio. In certain embodiments, the relative pressure ratio of the hydraulic actuator may be dependent on one or more characteristics (such as, for example, frequency or rate of change) of an oscillating input to the hydraulic actuator.
1. A method of operating a hydraulic actuator, the method comprising:
exposing the hydraulic actuator to a first oscillating input, the hydraulic actuator exhibiting a first relative compliance factor when exposed to the first oscillating input;
exposing the hydraulic actuator to a second oscillating input, the hydraulic actuator exhibiting a second relative compliance factor when exposed to the second oscillating input,
wherein the frequency of the first oscillating input is less than the frequency of the second oscillating input, and
wherein the first relative compliance factor is greater than the second relative compliance factor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the first oscillating input is between 0-3 Hz and the frequency of the second oscillating input is between 8-20 Hz.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the first oscillating input and the second oscillating input are in the range of 2 to 12 Hz.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling a restriction element of the hydraulic actuator, wherein the restriction element is arranged along a flow path connecting a first port of a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic actuator and an extension chamber of the hydraulic actuator.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the restriction element is an actively controlled valve and wherein controlling the restriction element comprises actuating the actively controlled valve based at least in part on a frequency of an input.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein controlling the restriction element comprises varying an impedance or inertance of the flow path, or a portion thereof, based at least in part on a frequency of an input.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic actuator is an active suspension actuator of an active suspension system of a vehicle.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising collecting, by one or more look ahead sensors, information about a ground surface ahead of the vehicle.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising identifying a road feature based on the information from the one or more look ahead sensors.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising determining a characteristic of an expected input based on the road feature.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising adjusting a restriction element of the hydraulic actuator based on the characteristic of the expected input.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the restriction element includes at least one of a shim stack and an actively controlled valve.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, a peak frequency, and a power spectral density.
14. An active suspension system of a vehicle, the active suspension system comprising:
a hydraulic actuator comprising a restriction element, the hydraulic actuator being configured to exhibit a first relative compliance factor when exposed to a first oscillating input, and a second relative compliance factor when exposed to a second oscillating input, wherein:
the frequency of the first oscillating input is less than the frequency of the second oscillating input, and
the first relative compliance factor is greater than the second relative compliance factor; and
one or more controllers configured to:
receive information from one or more look ahead sensors on the vehicle,
determine a characteristic of an expected input based on the received information, and
adjust the restriction element of the hydraulic actuator based on the characteristic.
15. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to identify a road feature based on the received information.
16. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein the received information comprises information about a ground surface ahead of the vehicle.
17. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein the restriction element includes at least one of a shim stack and an actively controlled valve.
18. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein adjusting the restriction element comprises varying an impedance or inertance of a flow path of the hydraulic actuator.
19. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a frequency, a peak frequency, and a power spectral density.
20. The active suspension system of claim 14 , wherein the frequency of the first oscillating input is between 0-3 Hz and the frequency of the second oscillating input is between 8-20 Hz.