Bifunctional cytotoxic agents containing the CTI pharmacophore

1. A method of treating cancer comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (IIIA):

AB-(L-P) 1-20   (IIIA)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof,

wherein:

AB is an antibody:

P is:

F 1 -L 1 -T-L 2 -F 2

wherein:

F 1 and F 2 are each independently selected from ring systems A, B, C and D:

where:

each R is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 20 alkyl, —C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, —C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halo, deuterium, hydroxyl, alkoxy, —NH 2 , —NH(C 1 -C 8 alkyl), —N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —NO 2 , —C 6 -C 14 aryl and —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl, or wherein two or more R optionally join to form a ring or rings, and wherein said —C 6 -C 14 aryl and —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl are optionally substituted with 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, -halo, —C 1 -C 10 alkylthio, -trifluoromethyl, —NH 2 , —NH(C 1 -C 8 alkyl), —N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C 1 -C 10 alkyl-N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C 1 -C 3 alkylthio, —NO 2 or —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, for each ring system in which R appears:

each V 1 is independently a bond, O, N(R) or S, for each ring system in which V 1 appears:

each V 2 is independently O, N(R) or S, for each ring system in which V 2 appears:

W 1 and W 2 are each independently H, —C 1 -C 5 alkyl, -phenyl, —C(O)OR, —C(O)SR, —C(O)NHN(R) 2 or —C(O)N(R) 2 for each ring system in which W 1 and W 2 appear;

each X is independently selected from —OH, —O-acyl, azido, halo, cyanate, thiocyanate, isocyanate, thioisocyanate, or

for each ring system in which X appears;

each Y is independently selected from a bond, H, —C(O)R A , —C(S)R A , —C(O)OR A , —S(O) 2 OR A , —C(O)N(R A ) 2 , —C(S)N(R A ) 2 , glycosyl, —NO 2 , —P(O)(OR A ) 2 , an amino acid and a peptide for each ring system in which Y appears, wherein each R A is independently selected from H, —C 1 -C 20 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C 1 -C 20 alkylN(R) 2 , —C 1 -C 20 alkylene, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkylene, —C 6 -C 14 arylene, aralkylene, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo and —C 1 -C 20 alkylN(R)—, and R F where said R A is optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from R, and wherein at least one Y-containing Ring System is present and is divalent and is bonded to L,

R F is —N(R 6 )QN(R 5 )C(O)— and is bonded to L at the carbonyl adjacent N(R 5 ), wherein R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl and —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, or R 5 or R 6 loins with a substituted carbon on Q to form a —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclic or —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl ring, or R 5 and R 6 join together to form a —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclic or —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl ring system, and where Q is —C 1 -C 8 alkylene-, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkylene-, —C 6 -C 14 arylene-, -aralkylene-, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo- or —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo-, wherein Q, R 5 and R 6 are each independently optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from R:

each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)OH, —C(O)NHNH 2 and —C(O)-halo, and wherein said C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)OH, —C(O)NHNH 2 and —C(O)-halo are each optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substitutents independently selected from R, for each ring system in which Z appears:

L 1 and L 2 are each independently selected from a direct bond

T is

—C(A 1 )X 1 -T 2 -X 1 C(B 1 )—, where T 2 is:

wherein each X 1 is independently a bond, —NR E —, —O— or —S—, wherein A 1 and B 1 are each independently ═O or ═S, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently R E or R 1 and R 2 form a ring system, or R 3 and R 4 form a ring system, or both R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 , each independently form ring systems, or R 1 and R 3 form a ring system, or R 2 and R 4 form a ring system, or both R 1 and R 3 , and R 2 and R 4 , each independently form ring systems, where said ring systems are independently selected from —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl or —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclycl, or R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each bonds to different carbons on D, wherein q and j are each independently an integer from 0 to 50 and m is an integer from 1 to 50, and wherein D is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo and —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo, where said —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo and —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo are optionally substituted with —R E , —C(O)R E , —C(O)OR E , —N(R E ) 2 , —N(R)C(O)R E or —N(R)C(O)OR E , and D is additionally optionally substituted by 1 to 2 R,

wherein each R E is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, -aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , and —C(O)-halo, and wherein each R E is optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substitutents independently selected from R;

L is L A -L B -(L C ) 1-3 wherein an L C is bound to Y;

L A is selected from: a bond to AB, —NR-(bond to AB), -heteroaryl-(bond to AB),

L B is L B1 -L B2 -L B3

wherein L B1 is absent or is one or more components selected from the grouj consisting of —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —C(O)NR—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C(O)NRC 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkylNRC(O)—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 -C(O)—, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-S—S—C 1 -C 6 alkylNRC(O)CH 2 —, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 NRC(O)CH 2 —, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-NRC(O)C 1-6 alkyl-, —N═CR-phenyl-O—C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —N═CR-phenyl-O—C 1 -C 6 alkyl-C(O)—, —C(O)—C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 NRC(O)—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-phenyl(NR—C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl) 1-4 -, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —NRC(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —S—, —C(O)—CH(NR—C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl)-C 1 -C 6 alkyl- and (—CH 2 —CH 2 —O—) 1-20 ;

L B2 is AA 0-12 , wherein AA is a natural amino acid- or a non-natural amino acid;

L B3 is p-aminobenzoic acid, p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl, —C(O)(CH 2 ) 0-50 C(O)— or absent,

L C is absent or is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6 alkylene-, —NRC 3 -C 8 -heterocyclylNR—, —NRC 3 -C 3 -carbocyclylNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylene-, —S—, —NR—, —NRNR—, —O(CR 2 ) 1-4 S—S(CR 2 ) 1-4 N(R)—, —NRC 1 -C 6 -alkylenephenyleneNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylenephenyleneSO 2 NR—, —OC 1 -C 6 alkylS-SC 1 -C 6 alkylC(COOR)NR—,

wherein

X A is CR or N,

X B is CH, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-30 , CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 C(O)NR, CR—(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 C(O)NRNR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 SO 2 NR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NRNR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NRC(O) or N,

each X C is R:

each X D is —(CH 2 ) 1-5 —, or is absent;

X E is O, S, C(R) 2 , C(R)(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —NR 2 or NR, and

each X F is (C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —NR or C(R) 2 —(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —O.

2. A method of treating cancer comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (IIIB):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

AB is an antibody;

F 1 and F 2 are each independently selected from ring systems A, B, C and D:

where:

each R is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 20 alkyl, —C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, —C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halo, deuterium, hydroxyl, alkoxy, —NH 2 , —NH(C 1 -C 8 alkyl), —N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —NO 2 , —C 6 -C 14 aryl and —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl, or wherein two or more R optionally join to form a ring or rings, and wherein said —C 6 -C 14 aryl and —C 6 -C 14 heteroaryl are optionally substituted with 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, -halo, —C 1 -C 10 alkylthio, -trifluoromethyl, —NH 2 , —NH(C 1 -C 8 alkyl), —N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C 1 -C 10 alkyl-N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C 1 -C 3 alkylthio, —NO 2 or —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, for each ring system in which R appears:

each V 1 is independently a bond, O, N(R) or S, for each ring system in which V 1 appears;

each V 2 is independently O, N(R) or S, for each ring system in which V 2 appears;

W 1 and W 2 are each independently H, —C 1 -C 5 alkyl, -phenyl, —C(O)OR, —C(O)SR, —C(O)NHN(R) 2 or —C(O)N(R) 2 for each ring system in which W 1 and W 2 appear;

each X is independently —OH, —O-acyl, azido, halo, cyanate, thiocyanate, isocyanate, thioisocyanate, or

for each ring system in which X appears:

each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-R A —C(O)R A , —C(S)R A , —C(O)OR A , —S(O) 2 OR A , —C(O)N(R A ) 2 , —C(S)N(R A ) 2 , glycosyl, —NO, —PO(OR A ) 2 , an amino acid and a peptide for each ring system in which Y appears, wherein each R A is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 20 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl and —C 1 -C 20 alkylN(R) 2 , wherein said —C 1 -C 20 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl and —C 1 -C 20 alkylN(R) 2 are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substitutents independently selected from R;

each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)OH, —C(O)NHNH 2 and —C(O)-halo, and wherein said C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, —C 6 -C 14 aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)OH, —C(O)NHNH 2 and —C(O)-halo are each optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substitutents independently selected from R, for each ring system in which Z appears;

L 1 and L 2 are each independently selected from a direct bond

T is:

C(A 1 )X 1 -T 2 -X 1 C(B 1 )—, where T 2 is:

wherein each X 1 is independently a bond, —NR E —, —O— or —S—, wherein A 1 and B 1 are each independently ═O or ═S, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently R E or R 1 and R 2 form a ring system, or R 3 and R 4 form a ring system, or both R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 each independently form ring systems, or R 1 and R 3 form a ring system, or R 2 and R 4 form a ring system, or both R 1 and R 3 , and R 2 and R 4 each independently form ring systems, where the ring systems are independently selected from —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl or —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclycl, or R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each bonds to different carbons on D, wherein q and j are each independently an integer from 0 to 50 and m is an integer from 1 to 50, and wherein D is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo and —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo, where said —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclo and —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo are substituted with one member of the group selected from N(R E )C(O)— where the carbonyl is bonded to L, and —C(O)— where the carbonyl is bonded to L, and additionally optionally substituted by 1 to 2 R;

where each R E is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 heteroalkyl, -aryl, -aralkyl, —C 1 -C 10 heterocyclyl, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclyl, —C(O)OC 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1 -C 8 alkyl) 2 , and —C(O)-halo, and wherein each R E is optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substitutents independently selected from R:

L is L A -L B -(L C ) 1-3 wherein an L C is bound to T 2 ;

L A is selected from: a bond to AB, —NR-(bond to AB), -heteroaryl-(bond to AB),

L B is L B1 -L B2 -L B3

wherein L B1 is absent or is one or more components selected from the group consisting of —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —C(O)NR—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C(O)NRC 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkylNRC(O)—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 -C(O)—, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-S—S—C 1 -C 6 alkylNRC(O)CH 2 —, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 NRC(O)CH 2 —, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-NRC(O)C 1-6 alkyl-, —N═CR-phenyl-O—C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —N═CR-phenyl-O—C 1 -C 6 alkyl-C(O)—, —C(O)—C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 NRC(O)—, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-phenyl(NR—C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl) 1-4 -, —C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-6 —NRC(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-, —S—, —C(O)—CH(NR—C(O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl)-C 1 -C 6 alkyl- and (—CH 2 —CH 2 —O—) 1-20 :

L B2 is AA 0-12 , wherein AA is a natural amino acid- or a non-natural amino acid;

L B3 is p-aminobenzoic acid, p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl, —C(O)(CH 2 ) 0-50 C(O)— or absent;

L C is absent or is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6 alkylene-, —NRC 3 -C 3 -heterocyclylNR—, —NRC 3 -C 3 -carbocyclylNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylene-, —S—, —NR—, —NRNR—, —O(CR 2 ) 1-4 S—S(CR 2 ) 1-4 N(R)—, —NRC 1 -C 6 -alkylenephenyleneNR—, —NRC 1 -C 6 alkylenephenyleneSO 2 NR—, —OC 1 -C 6 alkylS-SC 1 -C 6 alkylC(COOR)NR—, —NRC(COOR)C 1 -C 6 alkylS-SC 1 -C 6 alkylO—,

wherein

X A is CR or N,

X B is CH, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 O, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 C(O)NR, CR—(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 C(O)NRNR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 SO 2 NR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NRNR, CR(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 NRC(O) or N;

each X C is R;

each X D is —(CH 2 ) 1-5 —, or is absent;

X E is O, S, C(R) 2 , C(R)(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —NR 2 or NR, and

each X F is (C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —NR or C(R) 2 —(C(R) 2 ) 1-3 —O.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said cancer is bladder cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, stomach (gastric) cancer, testicular cancer, leukemias or lymphomas.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein said cancer is bladder cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, stomach (gastric) cancer, testicular cancer, leukemias or lymphomas.