Thermal management for container-based data centers
Systems and methods for managing airflow for cooling computing devices (e.g. in a data center) in normal and cold environments are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises positioning the computing devices on a plurality of racks with air barriers to create hot and cold aisles. The computing devices may be configured in a first mode to draw in cool air the cold aisles and exhaust heated air into the hot aisles. Temperatures in the cold aisles may be periodically measured. In response to temperatures below a predetermined threshold, one or more of the cold aisles may be converted into a temporary hot aisle by adjusting ventilation openings and configuring a subset of the computing devices to temporarily draw in warm air from the temporary hot aisle.
1. A method for managing airflow for a plurality of computing devices, the method comprising:
positioning the plurality of computing devices on a plurality of racks in a plurality of containers each having an intake side vent and an exhaust side vent, wherein each of the computing devices comprises a cooling fan configured to generate an airflow through the computing device and exhaust hot air out the exhaust side vent;
configuring each of the plurality of containers in a first mode, wherein in the first mode cool air is drawn into each of the containers from the intake side vent and hot air is exhausted from a second side;
reading temperature data; and
in response to the temperature data being below a predetermined threshold, temporarily reconfiguring a first selected one of the plurality of containers in a second mode to draw hot air exhausted by a second selected one of the plurality of containers into the first selected container's intake side vent;
wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the first selected container comprises temporarily moving the first selected container adjacent to the second selected container so that the first selected container's intake side vent is adjacent to the second selected container's exhaust side vent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the first selected container comprises operating the cooling fans of the plurality of computing devices in a reverse direction.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising in response to the temperature data being below a predetermined threshold, temporarily reconfiguring a third selected one of the plurality of containers to draw hot air exhausted by the first selected container into the third selected container's intake side vent.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the third selected container comprises temporarily moving the third selected container adjacent to the first selected container so that the third selected container's intake side vent is adjacent to the first selected container's exhaust side vent.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the first selected container comprises connecting the first selected container's intake side vent to the second selected container's exhaust side vent until the temperature data for the first selected container is above a minimum threshold.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the third selected container comprises connecting the third selected container's intake side vent to the first selected container's exhaust side vent.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first selected container is on wheels to permit easier movement.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature data comprises weather forecast data.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
increasing speed of the cooling fans in the first selected container in response to said configuring; and
decreasing speed of the cooling fans in the first selected container in response to said reconfiguring.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said temporarily reconfiguring the first selected container comprises temporarily connecting the first selected container's intake side vent to the second selected container's exhaust side vent.
11. A system for managing temperatures in a data center, the system comprising:
a plurality of containers each having an intake side vent and an exhaust side vent;
a plurality of racks each positioned inside one of the plurality of containers and configured to hold a plurality of computing devices, wherein each computing device comprises a cooling fan configured to generate an airflow through the computing device and exhaust hot air out the exhaust side vent; and
a controller configured to:
(i) configure each of the plurality of containers in a first mode, wherein in the first mode cool air is drawn into each of the containers from the intake side vents and hot air is exhausted from a second side,
(ii) read temperature data, and
(iii) in response to the temperature data being below a predetermined threshold, cause a temporary reconfiguration of a first selected one of the plurality of containers in a second mode to draw in hot air exhausted by one or more of the plurality of computing devices via temporary movement of the plurality of containers or temporary direction of air.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the first selected container's intake side vent is connected to a second selected container's exhaust side vent in the second mode.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the second mode comprises moving the computing devices in the first selected container away from the exhaust side vent of the first selected container to permit the hot air to recirculate within the first selected container.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the temperature data comprises weather forecast data and ambient temperatures measured by sensors connected to the controller.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the controller is further configured to temporarily move the first selected container adjacent to a second selected container so that the first selected container's intake side vent is adjacent to the second selected container's exhaust side vent until the temperature data is above a minimum threshold.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the controller is further configured to temporarily reconfigure a third selected one of the plurality of containers to draw hot air exhausted by the first selected container into the third selected container's intake side vent.
17. The system of claim 15 , further comprising one or more adjustable air deflectors configured to temporarily direct hot air exhausted from the second selected container toward the first selected container's intake side vent.
18. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor of a computational device, which when executed cause the computational device to:
configure each of a plurality of containers in a first mode, wherein each container comprises a plurality of computing devices on a plurality of racks each having an intake side vent and an exhaust side vent, wherein each of the computing devices comprises a cooling fan configured to generate an airflow through the computing device and exhaust hot air out the exhaust side vent, wherein in the first mode cool air is drawn into each of the containers from the intake side vent and hot air is exhausted from a second side;
read temperature data; and
in response to the temperature data being below a predetermined threshold, temporarily reconfigure a first selected one of the plurality of containers in a second mode to draw hot air exhausted by a second selected one of the plurality of containers into the first selected container's intake side vent by temporarily moving the second selected one of the plurality of containers substantially adjacent to the first selected one of the plurality of containers until the temperature data of the first selected container is above a minimum threshold.
19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 18 , which when executed further causes the computational device to, in response to the temperature data being below the predetermined threshold, temporarily reconfigure a third selected one of the plurality of containers to draw hot air exhausted by the first selected container into the third selected container's intake side vent.
20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 18 , wherein the temperature data comprises weather forecast data and ambient temperature data.