Polymer dispersions for oilfield friction reduction
A polymer dispersion includes a water-soluble copolymer prepared by controlled radical polymerization; a water soluble salt; a polyol; a salt selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, sodium phosphate, sodium nitrate, and combinations thereof; and water. Methods for using the polymer dispersion for oilfield friction reduction occur under a variety of adverse conditions including low temperatures, salt, scale, and iron.
1. A polymer dispersion comprising:
a) 2 to 30 weight percentage of a water soluble copolymer;
b) 10 to 50 weight percentage of a water soluble salt;
c) 0 to 20 weight percentage of a polyol;
d) a salt selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, sodium phosphate, sodium nitrate, and combinations thereof; and
e) water;
weight percentages are based on total weight of the polymer dispersion; wherein said copolymer is obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
(A) an ionic charged polymeric dispersant is prepared from at least an ionic monomer in the presence of a radical polymerization control agent to obtain a living polymer,
(B), said living polymer is charged into an aqueous solution comprising a nonionic monomer, and optionally an ionic monomer, the aqueous solution is then subject to continuous polymerization to obtain said copolymer.
2. The polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein said radical polymerization control agent is a compound bearing a thiocarbonylthio group —S(C═S)—.
3. The polymer dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein said radical polymerization control agent is a compound chosen from the group consisting of xanthate, trithiocarbonate, dithiocarbamate and dithiocarbazate.
4. A method for reducing friction resulting from turbulent flow in an aqueous fracturing fluid in an oil field fracturing process comprising adding to the aqueous fracturing fluid an effective friction-reducing amount of the polymer dispersion according to claim 1 .
5. A method for fracturing a subterranean formation, the method comprising the step of injecting an aqueous fracturing fluid comprising the polymer dispersion of claim 1 into at least a portion of the subterranean formation at pressures sufficient to fracture the formation.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the fracturing fluid is selected from the group consisting of fresh water, sea water, brines, salt water, produced water, recycled water, industrial waste water, waste water associated with oil production, and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, sodium phosphate, and combinations thereof and the aqueous fracturing fluid comprises iron ion dissolved in the fluid.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, sodium phosphate, and combinations thereof and the aqueous fracturing fluid comprises one or more divalent cations dissolved in the fluid.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, potassium formate, ammonium chloride, and combinations thereof and comprises a polyol.