Linear photonic processors and related methods
Photonic processors are described. The photonic processors described herein are configured to perform matrix-matrix (e.g., matrix-vector) multiplication. Some embodiments relate to photonic processors arranged according to a dual-rail architecture, in which numeric values are encoded in the difference between a pair optical signals (e.g., in the difference between the powers of the optical signals). Relative to other architectures, these photonic processors exhibit increased immunity to noise. Some embodiments relate to photonic processors including modulatable detector-based multipliers. Modulatable detectors are detectors designed so that the photocurrent can be modulated according to an electrical control signal. Photonic processors designed using modulatable detector-based multipliers are significantly more compact than other types of photonic processors.
1. A photonic processor comprising:
a plurality of differential optical encoders including first and second differential optical encoders;
a first set of differential multipliers coupled to the first differential optical encoder;
a second set of differential multipliers coupled to the second differential optical encoder;
a first receiver coupled to the first set of differential multipliers; and
a second receiver coupled to the second set of differential multipliers.
2. The photonic processor of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of differential encoders comprises an optical modulator having a pair of optical output ports.
3. The photonic processor of claim 1 , wherein at least one differential multiplier of the first and second sets of differential multipliers comprises an optical modulator having a pair of optical output ports.
4. The photonic processor of claim 1 , wherein the first and second sets of differential multipliers comprise modulatable detectors.
5. The photonic processor of claim 1 , further comprising an optical orthogonalization unit placed between the first differential optical encoder and the first set of differential multipliers.
6. The photonic processor of claim 5 , wherein the optical orthogonalization unit comprises a serpentine-shaped optical waveguide.
7. The photonic processor of claim 5 , wherein the optical orthogonalization unit comprises an optical polarization rotator.
8. The photonic processor of claim 1 , further comprising a light source and an optical splitter tree coupling the light source to the first set of differential multipliers.
9. The photonic processor of claim 8 , wherein the optical splitter tree lacks waveguide crossings.
10. The photonic processor of claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to control the plurality of differential optical encoders, wherein the controller comprises a plurality of transistors, and wherein the plurality of transistors and the plurality of differential optical encoders share at least one layer of a semiconductor substrate.
11. A method for fabricating a photonic processor comprising:
obtaining a semiconductor substrate;
forming, on the semiconductor substrate:
a plurality of differential optical encoders including first and second differential optical encoders;
a first set of differential multipliers coupled to the first differential optical encoder;
a second set of differential multipliers coupled to the second differential optical encoder;
a first receiver coupled to the first set of differential multipliers; and
a second receiver coupled to the second set of differential multipliers.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein forming the plurality of differential encoders comprises forming a plurality of optical modulators each having a pair of optical output ports.
13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising forming a plurality of transistors on the semiconductor substrate.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of transistors and the plurality of differential optical encoders share at least one layer of the semiconductor substrate.