Methylphenidate extended release chewable tablet
An oral methylphenidate extended release tablet is described, which can be scored and still retain its extended release profile. The tablet contains a combination of an uncoated methylphenidate-ion exchange resin complex, a barrier coated methylphenidate-ion exchange resin complex-matrix, and an uncomplexed methylphenidate active component. Following administration of a single dose of the extended release methylphenidate chewable tablet, a therapeutically effective amount of methylphenidate is reached in less than about 20 minutes and the composition provides a twelve-hour extended release profile.
1. An extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet, wherein the tablet is a solid dispersion comprising:
(a) a racemic methylphenidate component comprising a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent barrier coated, racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex which comprises:
(i) a racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex comprising racemic methylphenidate and a pharmaceutically acceptable cation ion exchange resin, wherein the racemic methylphenidate is bound to the pharmaceutically acceptable cation exchange resin;
(ii) a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent, barrier coating comprising a water-insoluble polymer and a plasticizer over the racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex of (a)(i), wherein the barrier coating modifies the release of the racemic methylphenidate in the complex; and
wherein about 50% w/w to about 90% w/w of total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet is provided by the racemic methylphenidate component of (a); and
(b) at least one immediate release methylphenidate component which provides a release of the racemic methylphenidate in less than about 30 minutes as determined in an in vitro dissolution assay;
wherein the tablet is capable of being swallowed intact or following being divided or chewed and the tablet provides a pharmacokinetic profile for racemic methylphenidate comprising a geometric mean area under the curve (AUC) 0-∞ of about 110 ng-hr/mL to about 140 ng-hr/mL and further providing a geometric mean C max of about 10 ng/mL to about 15 ng/mL and/or a single mean plasma concentration peak for racemic methylphenidate, and optionally further comprising a T max of about 4 hours to about 5.25 hours for racemic methylphenidate, under fasted conditions in adults following a single oral administration of the tablet which has a total amount of racemic methylphenidate which is the equivalent of 40 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl.
2. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the tablet provides a pharmacokinetic profile for racemic methylphenidate further comprising the single mean plasma concentration peak and optionally further comprising one or more of the T max and the C max following oral ingestion of the tablet.
3. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the barrier coat has an elongation factor of at least about 150% to about 400% as measured by a texture analyzer.
4. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 3 , wherein the plasticizer is selected from propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dibutyl sebacate, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, tributyl citrate, triacetin, 2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof.
5. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer comprises triethyl citrate.
6. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer comprises polyethylene glycol.
7. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is present in an amount of about 2.5 w/w to about 20% w/w of the barrier coating.
8. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is present in an amount of 2.5% w/w to about 15% w/w of the barrier coating.
9. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the immediate release component comprises about 20% w/w to about 40% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet.
10. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the barrier coated racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex as defined in (ii) are particulates having a mean particle size in the range of about 100 microns to about 450 microns.
11. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 10 , wherein the barrier coated racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex as defined in (ii) are particulates having a mean particle size in the range of about 150 microns to about 300 microns.
12. The extended release methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the racemic methylphenidate component of (a) provides about 60% w/w to about 80% w/w of the racemic methylphenidate in the tablet, based on the total amount of racemic methylphenidate in the tablet.
13. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the tablet has a hardness in the range of about 8 kp to about 23 kp.
14. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the pharmacokinetic profile further comprises one or more of the following:
the 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean test/reference ratios of one or more of AUC0-3 or AUC0-4 of FIG. 1 ;
the pharmacokinetic profile for the methylphenidate further comprises an AUC0-3 which is bioequivalent to about 18 ng-hr/mL; and/or
the methylphenidate plasma concentration, as determined under fasted and fed conditions following a single oral administration of said tablet at a dose equivalent to 40 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl in adults, is equivalent to the plasma concentration curve of FIG. 1 from about 0 to about 8 hours.
15. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the immediate release component comprises an immediate release methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex comprising racemic methylphenidate bound to a pharmaceutically acceptable cation exchange resin and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable racemic methylphenidate salt.
16. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the tablet comprises the equivalent of 40 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl.
17. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the tablet comprises the equivalent of 20 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl.
18. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the tablet is scored.
19. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the in vitro dissolution assay is performed placing the tablet in 900 mL 0.4 M potassium phosphate buffer with 37° C.±5° C. with a USP paddle speed of 75 rpm.
20. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the water-insoluble polymer in the barrier coating comprises cellulose acetate.
21. An extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet, wherein the tablet is a solid dispersion comprising:
(a) a racemic methylphenidate component comprising a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent barrier coated, racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex which comprises:
(i) a racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex comprising racemic methylphenidate and a pharmaceutically acceptable cation ion exchange resin, wherein the racemic methylphenidate is bound to the pharmaceutically acceptable cation exchange resin;
(ii) a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent, barrier coating comprising cellulose acetate and a plasticizer over the racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex of (a)(i), wherein the barrier coating modifies the release profile of the racemic methylphenidate; and
wherein about 50% w/w to about 90% w/w of total racemic methylphenidate in the chewable tablet is provided by the racemic methylphenidate component of (a); and
(b) at least one immediate release methylphenidate component which provides a release of the racemic methylphenidate in less than about 30 minutes as determined in an in vitro dissolution assay and which comprises an immediate release methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex comprising racemic methylphenidate bound to a pharmaceutically acceptable cation exchange resin;
wherein the tablet is capable of being swallowed intact or following being divided or chewed and the tablet provides a pharmacokinetic profile for racemic methylphenidate comprising a geometric mean area under the curve (AUC) 0-∞ of about 110 ng-hr/mL to about 140 ng-hr/mL and further providing a geometric mean C max of about 10 ng/mL to about 15 ng/mL and/or a single mean plasma concentration peak for racemic methylphenidate, and optionally further comprising a T max of about 4 hours to about 5.25 hours for racemic methylphenidate, under fasted conditions in adults following a single oral administration of the tablet which has a total amount of racemic methylphenidate which is the equivalent of 40 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl.
22. The extended release racemic methylphenidate chewable tablet according to claim 21 , wherein the plasticizer is selected from propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dibutyl sebacate, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, tributyl citrate, triacetin, 2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof.
23. The extended release racemic methylphenidate chewable tablet according to claim 21 , wherein the plasticizer is present in an amount of about 2.5% w/w to about 20% w/w of the barrier coating.
24. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 21 , wherein the tablet provides a pharmacokinetic profile for racemic methylphenidate further comprising the single mean plasma concentration peak and optionally further comprising one or more of the T max and the C max following oral ingestion of the tablet.
25. The extended release racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 1 , wherein the barrier coating is about 15% by weight to about 65% by weight of the methylphenidate-cation ion exchange resin complex according to (a) prior to coating.
26. A racemic methylphenidate tablet, wherein the tablet is a uniform solid dispersion comprising:
(a) a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent barrier coated, racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex which comprises:
(i) a racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex comprising racemic methylphenidate and a pharmaceutically acceptable cation ion exchange resin, wherein the racemic methylphenidate is bound to the pharmaceutically acceptable cation exchange resin;
(ii) a water-insoluble, water-permeable, pH-independent, barrier coating comprising a water-insoluble polymer and a plasticizer over the racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex of (a)(i), wherein the barrier coating modifies the release of the racemic methylphenidate in the complex;
(b) a first immediate release component which comprises an immediate release uncoated racemic methylphenidate-ion exchange resin complex, wherein about 5% to about 20% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet is provided by (b); and
(c) a second immediate release racemic methylphenidate component which comprises an uncomplexed racemic methylphenidate, wherein about 5% w/w to about 20% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet is provided by (c);
wherein the tablet is capable of being swallowed intact or following being divided or chewed, and wherein the tablet provides a pharmacokinetic profile for racemic methylphenidate comprising a geometric mean area under the curve (AUC) 0-∞ of about 10 ng/mL to about 15 ng/mL and/or a single mean plasma concentration peak for racemic methylphenidate, and optionally further comprising a T max of about 4 hours to about 5.25 hours for racemic methylphenidate, under fasted conditions in adults following a single oral administration of the tablet which has a total amount of racemic methylphenidate which is the equivalent of 40 mg racemic methylphenidate HCl.
27. The racemic methylphenidate chewable tablet according to claim 26 , wherein about 60% w/w to about 80% w/w of the racemic methylphenidate in the tablet is provided to (a).
28. The racemic methylphenidate chewable tablet according to claim 26 , wherein the first immediate release component (b) is about 15% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet, the second immediate release component (c) is about 15% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet, or each (b) and (c) are about 15% w/w of the total racemic methylphenidate in the tablet.
29. The racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 26 , wherein the barrier coating is present in an amount of about 10 % w/w to about 70% w/w % based on the weight of the racemic emthylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex of (a)(ii) prior to coating.
30. The racemic methylphenidate tablet according to claim 26 , wherein the barrier coat is present in an amount of about 15 % w/w to about 60% w/w % based on the weight of the racemic methylphenidate-cation exchange resin complex of (a)(ii) prior to coating.