XBAR resonators with non-rectangular diaphragms
Acoustic resonator devices, filter devices, and methods of fabrication are disclosed. An acoustic resonator includes a substrate having a surface and a single-crystal piezoelectric plate having front and back surfaces. The back surface is attached to the surface of the substrate except for a portion of the piezoelectric plate forming a diaphragm that spans a cavity in the substrate. An interdigital transducer (IDT) is formed on the front surface of the single-crystal piezoelectric plate such that interleaved fingers of the IDT are disposed on the diaphragm. The IDT is configured to excite a primary acoustic mode in the diaphragm in response to a radio frequency signal applied to the IDT. At least a portion of an edge of the diaphragm is at an oblique angle to the fingers.
1. An acoustic resonator device comprising:
a substrate having a surface;
a single-crystal piezoelectric layer attached either directly or via one or more intermediate layers to the surface of the substrate, the single-crystal piezoelectric layer having a portion that forms a diaphragm over a cavity, the diaphragm having an edge at a portion of a perimeter of the cavity; and
an interdigital transducer (IDT) at a surface of the single-crystal piezoelectric layer and having a pair of busbars that extend in a direction parallel to each other and a plurality of interleaved fingers that extend from each of the pair of busbars in a first direction and on the diaphragm,
wherein the IDT is configured to excite a primary shear acoustic mode in the diaphragm in response to a radio frequency signal applied to the IDT, and
wherein at least a portion of the edge of the diaphragm extends at an angle that is oblique to the first direction in which the interleaved fingers extend on the diaphragm.
2. The acoustic resonator of claim 1 , wherein a direction of acoustic energy flow of the excited primary shear acoustic mode is substantially normal to front and back surfaces of the single-crystal piezoelectric layer.
3. The acoustic resonator of claim 2 , wherein a Z-axis of the single-crystal piezoelectric layer is normal to the front and back surfaces.
4. The acoustic resonator device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of interleaved fingers are substantially parallel to each other and extend in the first direction, and an electric field generated by the plurality of interleaved fingers extends in a second direction normal to the first direction.
5. The acoustic resonator device of claim 4 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the diaphragm extends at an angle in a range from 5 degrees to 25 degrees to the second direction.
6. The acoustic resonator device of claim 4 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the diaphragm extends at an angle of 20 degrees to the second direction.
7. The acoustic resonator of claim 1 , wherein the single-crystal piezoelectric layer comprises lithium niobate.
8. A method of fabricating a filter device on a piezoelectric layer attached either directly or via one or more intermediate layers to a substrate, the method comprising:
forming one or more cavities in at least one of the substrate and the one or more intermediate layers, such that respective portions of the piezoelectric layer form one or more diaphragms suspended over the one or more cavities, each diaphragm having a respective edge a portion of a perimeter of a respective cavity; and
forming a conductor pattern on a surface of the piezoelectric layer, the conductor pattern including a plurality of interdigital transducers (IDTs) of a respective plurality of resonators including a shunt resonator and a series resonator, wherein each IDT has a pair of busbars that extend in a direction parallel to each other and a plurality of interleaved fingers that extend from each of the pair of busbars in a first direction and on a respective diaphragm of the one or more diaphragms,
wherein the piezoelectric layer and all of the plurality of IDTs are configured such that radio frequency signals applied to the IDTs excite respective primary shear acoustic modes in the respective diaphragms, and
wherein at least a portion of the edge of at least one diaphragm extends at an oblique angle to the first direction in which the respective interleaved fingers extend on the respective diaphragm.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of interleaved fingers disposed on the at least one diaphragm are substantially parallel to each other and extend in the first direction, and an electric field generated by said interleaved fingers extends in a second direction normal to the first direction.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the at least one diaphragm extends at an angle in a range from 5 degrees to 25 degrees to the second direction.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the at least one diaphragm extends at an angle of 20 degrees to the second direction.
12. The method of claim 8 , further comprising forming the piezoelectric layer of lithium niobate.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein a Z-axis of the piezoelectric layer is normal to front and back surfaces of the piezoelectric layer.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein a direction of acoustic energy flow of the excited primary shear acoustic modes is substantially normal to front and back surfaces of the piezoelectric layer.
15. A filter device comprising:
a substrate having a surface;
at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer attached either directly or via one or more intermediate layers to the surface of the substrate, the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer having portions that form one or more diaphragms over respective cavities, each diaphragm having a respective edge at a portion of a perimeter of a respective cavity; and
a conductor pattern at a surface of the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer, the conductor pattern including a plurality of interdigital transducers (IDTs) of a respective plurality of acoustic resonators, wherein each IDT has a pair of busbars that extend in a direction parallel to each other and a plurality of interleaved fingers that extend from each of the pair of busbars in a first direction and on a diaphragm of the one or more diaphragms,
wherein the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer and all of the IDTs are configured such that respective radio frequency signals applied to each IDT excite respective primary shear acoustic modes in the respective diaphragms,
wherein at least a portion of the edge of at least one diaphragm extends at an angle that is oblique to the first direction in which the respective interleaved fingers extend on the respective diaphragm.
16. The filter device of claim 15 , wherein a Z-axis of the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer is normal to front and back surfaces of the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer.
17. The filter device of claim 15 , wherein the plurality of interleaved fingers disposed on the at least one diaphragm are substantially parallel to each other and extend in first direction, and an electric field generated by said the plurality of interleaved fingers extends in a second direction normal to the first direction.
18. The filter device of claim 17 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the at least one diaphragm extends at an angle in a range from 5 degrees to 25 degrees to the second direction.
19. The filter device of claim 17 , wherein the at least a portion of the edge of the at least one diaphragm extends at an angle of 20 degrees to the second direction.
20. The filter device of claim 17 , wherein the at least one single-crystal piezoelectric layer comprises lithium niobate.