Non-invasive analyte sensor device

1. A non-invasive analyte sensor device, comprising:

a sensor housing;

an antenna array attached to the sensor housing, the antenna array having at least one transmit antenna and at least one receive antenna, the at least one transmit antenna and the at least one receive antenna are configured to be arranged adjacent to a target containing at least one analyte of interest;

the at least one transmit antenna has a longitudinal axis, first and second ends, and first and second side edges;

the at least one receive antenna has a longitudinal axis, first and second ends, and first and second side edges;

the at least one transmit antenna and the at least one receive antenna are arranged side-by-side with the longitudinal axis of the at least one transmit antenna parallel to the longitudinal axis of the at least one receive antenna;

the at least one transmit antenna has a geometry that differs from a geometry of the at least one receive antenna;

the first and second side edges of the at least one transmit antenna are parallel to one another;

the first and second side edges of the at least one receive antenna are parallel to one another;

the at least one transmit antenna and the at least one receive antenna have a maximum spacing therebetween that does not exceed 50 mm and a minimum spacing therebetween that is at least 1.0 mm;

the at least one transmit antenna consists of a strip of conductive material;

the at least one receive antenna consists of a strip of conductive material;

a transmit circuit and a receive circuit disposed in the sensor housing;

the transmit circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one transmit antenna, the transmit circuit is configured to generate a transmit signal to be transmitted by the at least one transmit antenna, and the transmit signal is in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum;

the receive circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one receive antenna, and the non-invasive analyte sensor device is configured so that the receive circuit receives a response detected by a single receive antenna of the at least one receive antenna resulting from transmission of the transmit signal by the at least one transmit antenna into the target containing the at least one analyte of interest.

2. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , further comprising a battery disposed within the sensor housing, the battery is electrically connected to the antenna array, the transmit circuit and the receive circuit.

3. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 2 , wherein the strip of conductive material of the at least one transmit antenna and the strip of conductive material of the at least one receive antenna are disposed on a first surface of a substrate;

and further comprising a radio frequency shield, the radio frequency shield is disposed between the battery and the substrate.

4. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 2 , further comprising a radio frequency shield, wherein the radio frequency shield is disposed between the battery and the strip of conductive material of the at least one transmit antenna and the strip of conductive material of the at least one receive antenna.

5. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 2 , wherein the battery is rechargeable.

6. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the target is human tissue, animal tissue, plant tissue, an inanimate object, soil, a fluid, genetic material, or a microbe.

7. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one analyte of interest comprises glucose, alcohol, hemoglobin, white blood cells, or luteinizing hormone.

8. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the transmit signal comprises a multiplexed signal having at least two different frequencies each one of which is in a range of between about 10 kHz to about 100 GHz.

9. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the first end of the at least one transmit antenna has a first geometry, the first end of the at least one receive antenna has a second geometry, and the first geometry differs from the second geometry.

10. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second ends of the at least one transmit antenna have a first geometry, the first and second ends of the at least one receive antenna have a second geometry, and the first geometry differs from the second geometry.

11. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one transmit antenna has a lateral length and a lateral width; the at least one receive antenna has a lateral length and a lateral width; the lateral length of the at least one transmit antenna equals the lateral length of the at least one receive antenna; and the lateral width of the at least one transmit antenna equals the lateral width of the at least one receive antenna.

12. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the minimum spacing is from 1.0 mm to about 5.0 mm.

13. A non-invasive analyte sensor device, comprising:

a sensor housing;

a detector array attached to the sensor housing, the detector array having at least one transmit element and at least one receive element, the at least one transmit element and the at least one receive element are configured to be arranged adjacent to a target containing at least one analyte of interest;

the at least one transmit element has a longitudinal axis, first and second ends, and first and second side edges;

the at least one receive element has a longitudinal axis, first and second ends, and first and second side edges;

the at least one transmit element and the at least one receive element are arranged side-by-side with the longitudinal axis of the at least one transmit element parallel to the longitudinal axis of the at least one receive element;

the at least one transmit element has a geometry that differs from a geometry of the at least one receive element;

the first and second side edges of the at least one transmit element are parallel to one another;

the first and second side edges of the at least one receive element are parallel to one another;

the at least one transmit element and the at least one receive element have a maximum spacing therebetween that does not exceed 50 mm and a minimum spacing therebetween that is at least 1.0 mm;

the at least one transmit element consists essentially of a strip of conductive material;

the at least one receive element consists essentially of a strip of conductive material;

a transmit circuit and a receive circuit disposed in the sensor housing;

the transmit circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one transmit element, the transmit circuit is configured to generate a transmit signal to be transmitted by the at least one transmit element, and the transmit signal has a frequency that is in a range of between about 10 kHz to about 100 GHz;

the receive circuit is electrically connectable to the at least one receive element, and the receive circuit is configured to receive a response detected by the at least one receive element resulting from transmission of the transmit signal by the at least one transmit element into the target containing the at least one analyte of interest.

14. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , further comprising a battery disposed within the sensor housing, the battery providing electrical power to the detector array, the transmit circuit and the receive circuit.

15. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 14 , wherein the strip of conductive material of the at least one transmit element and the strip of conductive material of the at least one receive element are disposed on a first surface of a substrate;

and further comprising a radio frequency shield, the radio frequency shield is disposed between the battery and the substrate.

16. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 14 , further comprising a radio frequency shield, wherein the radio frequency shield is disposed between the battery and the strip of conductive material of the at least one transmit element and the strip of conductive material of the at least one receive element.

17. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 14 , wherein the battery is rechargeable.

18. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the target is human tissue, animal tissue, plant tissue, an inanimate object, soil, a fluid, genetic material, or a microbe.

19. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the at least one analyte of interest comprises glucose, alcohol, hemoglobin, white blood cells, or luteinizing hormone.

20. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the first end of the at least one transmit element has a first geometry, the first end of the at least one receive element has a second geometry, and the first geometry differs from the second geometry.

21. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the first and second ends of the at least one transmit element have a first geometry, the first and second ends of the at least one receive element have a second geometry, and the first geometry differs from the second geometry.

22. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the at least one transmit element has a lateral length and a lateral width; the at least one receive element has a lateral length and a lateral width; the lateral length of the at least one transmit element equals the lateral length of the at least one receive element; and the lateral width of the at least one transmit element equals the lateral width of the at least one receive element.

23. The non-invasive analyte sensor device of claim 13 , wherein the minimum spacing is from 1.0 mm to about 5.0 mm.