Overlay of a forward link on broadband satellite signals

1. A satellite-based forward link overlay system, comprising:

a gateway system that transmits data to a satellite for relaying to user equipment, the gateway system comprising:

a broadband data transmission modulator configured to:

receive broadband data from the Internet;

modulate the broadband data;

output a broadband data signal that comprises the modulated broadband data for transmission to the satellite; and

output, separate from the broadband data signal, indications of a frequency, a phase, and a timing of the broadband data signal to an overlay data transmission modulator;

the overlay data transmission modulator configured to:

receive the indication of the frequency, the phase, and the timing of the broadband data signal from the broadband data transmission modulator;

receive low-bandwidth data from the Internet;

modulate the low-bandwidth data based on the indication of the frequency, the phase, and the timing received from the broadband data transmission modulator;

output a low-bandwidth data signal that comprises the modulated low-bandwidth data for transmission to the satellite; and

a combiner configured to:

combine the output low-bandwidth data signal with the broadband data signal to create a combined forward link signal; and

cause the combined forward link signal to be transmitted to the satellite; and

a low-bandwidth receiver unit, comprising:

a broadband state recovery system configured to determine the frequency, the phase, and the timing of the broadband data signal; and

a low-bandwidth receiving system configured to:

despread and demodulate the low-bandwidth data signal based on the frequency and the time of the broadband data signal received from the broadband state recovery system.

2. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein the combiner is configured to combine the output low-bandwidth data signal with the broadband data signal such that the power of the low-bandwidth data signal is less than 5% of the power of the broadband data signal within the combined forward link signal.

3. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein a spreading factor used by the overlay data transmission modulator to modulate the low-bandwidth data is at least one hundred.

4. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein the combiner is configured to combine the output low-bandwidth data signal with the broadband data signal such that no additional bandwidth is used by the low-bandwidth data signal beyond the broadband data signal.

5. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , further comprising: the satellite configured to receive the combined forward link signal and retransmit the combined forward link signal to a geographic region.

6. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , a low-bandwidth antenna connected with the low-bandwidth receiver unit, the low-bandwidth antenna having an antenna gain of less than 0 dB.

7. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 6 , further comprising:

a broadband terminal that is configured to receive the broadband data signal but not demodulate the low-bandwidth data signal, wherein the broadband terminal provides Internet access.

8. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 7 , further comprising: a broadband antenna connected with the broadband terminal, wherein the broadband antenna has a gain of greater than 10 dB and is physically larger than the low-bandwidth antenna.

9. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein the low-bandwidth receiver unit does not demodulate or decode the broadband data signal.

10. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein the low-bandwidth receiver unit is further configured to output the low-bandwidth data signal.

11. The satellite-based forward link overlay system of claim 1 , wherein the low-bandwidth receiver unit communicates with an Internet of Things (IoT) device and the low-bandwidth data signal comprises IoT data.

12. A method for overlaying an overlay forward link on a broadband data signal, the method comprising:

receiving, by a gateway system, broadband data from the Internet, wherein the gateway system comprises an overlay data transmission modulator and a broadband data transmission modulator;

modulating, by the broadband data transmission modulator of the gateway system, the broadband data to create a broadband data signal;

determining indications of a frequency, a phase, and a timing of the broadband data signal;

receiving, by the gateway system, low-bandwidth data from the Internet;

modulating, by the overlay data transmission modulator of the gateway system, the low-bandwidth data based on the indication of the frequency, the phase, and the timing;

creating, by the overlay data transmission modulator of the gateway system a low-bandwidth data signal that comprises the modulated low-bandwidth data;

combining the broadband data signal with the low-bandwidth data signal to create a combined forward link signal;

transmitting, by the gateway system, the combined forward link to a satellite;

determining, by a broadband state recovery system, the frequency, the phase,

and the timing of the broadband data signal; and

despreading and demodulating, by a low-bandwidth receiver unit, the low-bandwidth data signal based on the frequency, the phase, and the timing of the broadband data signal received from the broadband state recovery system.

13. The method for overlaying the overlay forward link on the broadband data signal of claim 12 , wherein combining the broadband data signal with the low-bandwidth data signal to create the combined forward link signal comprises:

combining the low-bandwidth data signal with the broadband data signal such that the power of the low-bandwidth data signal is less than 5% of the power of the broadband data signal within the combined forward link signal.

14. The method for overlaying the overlay forward link on the broadband data signal of claim 12 , wherein a spreading factor used by the overlay data transmission modulator to modulate the low-bandwidth data is at least one hundred.

15. The method for overlaying the overlay forward link on the broadband data signal of claim 12 , further comprising:

receiving, by a satellite, the combined forward link signal; and

retransmitting, by the satellite, the combined forward link to a geographic region.

16. The method for overlaying the overlay forward link on the broadband data signal of claim 12 , further comprising:

demodulating, by a broadband terminal, the broadband data signal but not the low-bandwidth data signal, wherein the broadband terminal provides Internet access to one or more computerized devices.

17. The method for overlaying the overlay forward link on the broadband data signal of claim 12 , wherein the low-bandwidth receiver unit does not demodulate or decode the broadband data signal.