Processes for making, and methods of using, glycopyrronium compounds
Provided herein are processes for making and methods of using salts of glycopyrronium, including solid forms and forms suitable for use as topicals. Disclosed here are processes for making salts of glycopyrronium, also processes for making compositions comprising salts of glycopyrronium, and methods of treating hyperhidrosis with salts of glycopyrronium as well as with compositions comprising salts of glycopyrronium such as, but not limited to, topical compositions. Disclosed herein are methods of treating hyperhidrosis including administering salts of glycopyrronium to subjects in need thereof.
1. A process of making a compound of Formula (Ib):
wherein R 1 is alkyl;
comprising:
step (3): providing a compound (5):
step (4): contacting compound (5) with an alkyl amine to form a compound of Formula Ibc:
and
contacting compound (Ibc) with a reducing agent to form a compound of Formula (Ib):
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is alkyl.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein R 1 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, i-butyl, n-pentyl, or i-pentyl.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein R 1 is methyl or ethyl.
5. The process of claim 3 , wherein R 1 is methyl.
6. The process of claim 3 , wherein R 1 is ethyl.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula (Ib) is compound (7):
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein compound (6) is made by contacting R(−)-malic acid, compound (5), with methyl amine:
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein R(−)-malic acid, compound (5), is made by isolating R(−)-malic acid, compound (5), from a mixture of R(−)-malic acid and L(+)-malic acid.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein R(−)-malic acid, compound (5), is made by isolating R(−)-malic acid, compound (5), from a racemic mixture comprising compound (5).
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is selected from a vitride, DIBAL, BH 3 , LiAlH 4 , silanes, and LiBH 4 .
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the vitride is Red-Al.