Ferrate based water treatment
System and process for the treatment of water using a ferrate-based reduction-oxidation (redox) reactor, a clarifier, and a two-stage filtration system. Three treatment substrates can be used to treat water in the water treatment system and process, namely, a ferric compound(s), an acidic oxidant, and a flocculant-adsorbent.
1. A process for treatment of a contaminated water stream, comprising:
contacting the contaminated water with ferrate in a redox reactor to produce a redox water;
removing particulate contaminants from the redox water in a clarifier to produce a clarified water;
filtering at least a portion of the clarified water in a two-stage filtration system to produce a treated water,
wherein each step of the process is performed on a continuous basis;
feeding a first portion of a ferric compound solution to the redox reactor;
feeding a first portion of an acidic oxidant solution to the redox reactor;
contacting a ferric compound and an acidic oxidant to form the ferrate in-situ of the redox reactor;
feeding a second portion of the ferric compound solution to the clarifier;
feeding a second portion of the acidic oxidant solution to the clarifier;
feeding a raw source water to a buffer tank;
feeding a third portion of the ferric compound solution to the buffer tank;
feeding a third portion of the acidic oxidant solution to the buffer tank; and
removing the contaminated water from the buffer tank.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein a volume ratio of the first portion to the second portion to the third portion of the ferric compound solution is in the range of 3:2:0 to 8:1:1.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein a volume ratio of the first portion to the second portion to the third portion of the acidic oxidant solution is 3:2:0 to 8:1:1.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
feeding a first portion of a flocculant-adsorbent solution to the redox reactor.
5. The process of claim 4 , further comprising:
pumping a sludge from the clarifier to a sludge handling system; and
feeding a second portion of the flocculant-adsorbent solution to a sludge thickener of the sludge handling system.
6. The process of claim 5 , further comprising:
flowing a portion of the clarified water to a dirty backwash water sump;
flowing a portion of a filtered water to the dirty backwash water sump; and
feeding a third portion of the flocculant-adsorbent solution to the dirty backwash water sump.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein a volume ratio of the first portion to the second portion to the third portion of the flocculant-adsorbent solution is 8:1:1.
8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
analyzing a first concentration of a contaminant in the contaminated water; and
analyzing a second concentration of the contaminant in the treated water,
wherein the first concentration is greater than the second concentration.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein filtering at least a portion of the clarified water in the two-stage filtration system comprises:
filtering at least a portion of the clarified water in an advanced catalytic media filter to produce a filtered water; and
filtering at least a portion of the filtered water in a catalytic carbon filter to produce the treated water.