Actuator and compact EGR valve
An actuator is driven by a brushless motor having a rotor with axially extended magnets, permitting axial movement of the rotor while maintaining overlap between the magnets and a stator secured in a fixed position. The rotor is engaged with a fixed structure by a connection such as a ramp or thread that translates rotation into axial movement of the rotor along a rotational axis of the actuator. A valve member coupled to the rotor moves axially between a closed position and a range of positions that regulate fluid flow through a valve. A motor control circuit applies power to the stator coils to rotate the rotor and coupled valve member to a desired axial position and maintain the rotor and valve member at the selected position. The rotor and valve member may be biased toward a rotational position corresponding to a closed position of the valve member.
1. A valve comprising:
a housing having a first end, and a second end defining a cylindrical valve chamber, a radial first opening in communication with said valve chamber and at least one second opening in communication with said valve chamber;
an actuator comprising:
a stator supported within said housing at a fixed axial and rotational position, said stator including a plurality of stator coils;
a rotor including a plurality of magnets arranged to rotate relative to said stator; and
a motor control circuit arranged to apply electrical power to said plurality of stator coils in a pattern that generates a magnetic field that exerts torque on the plurality of magnets in the rotor, wherein said torque rotates the rotor within said housing in a first direction;
a rotationally symmetrical valve member coupled to rotate with the rotor;
a first ramp or thread that rotates with the rotor and is coupled to the valve member;
a second ramp or thread engaged with said first ramp or thread and fixed relative to said housing; and
a return spring coupled to said rotor to rotate said rotor in a second direction when power is not applied to the stator coils,
wherein rotation of said rotor in said first direction causes said valve member to rotate and move axially within said valve chamber in a first axial direction from a closed position preventing fluid communication between said first opening and said second opening toward an open position allowing fluid communication between said first opening and said second opening, rotation of said rotor in said second direction causing rotation and axial movement of said valve member in a second direction from the open position toward said closed position.
2. A valve of claim 1 , wherein said at least one second opening is an axial opening.
3. The valve of claim 1 , wherein said motor control circuit is configured to apply power to said stator in a pattern to rotate said rotor a predetermined number of rotations in said first direction to axially move said valve member in said first direction from the closed position covering said first opening to the open position.
4. The valve of claim 1 , wherein said motor control circuit is configured to apply power to said stator to rotate said rotor to an intermediate axial position between the open position of said valve member and the closed position of said valve member and hold said rotor in said intermediate axial position.
5. The valve of claim 1 , wherein said valve housing includes an annular valve seat along the rotational axis past the first opening.
6. The valve member of claim 5 , wherein said annular valve seat is configured to accept contact from an annular forward end of said valve member, said annular forward end provided with serrations or teeth that do not interrupt a sealing portion of said annular forward end that mates with said annular valve seat.
7. The valve of claim 1 , wherein said valve member defines an interior space facing said second opening, said valve comprising a pressure balance piston in said interior space and continuously exposed to said second opening, a cylindrical side wall of said valve member arranged radially between said valve housing and said pressure balance piston.