Germanosilicate compositions of CIT-5 topology and methods of preparing the same
The present disclosure is directed to novel germanosilicate compositions and methods of producing and using the same. Included among the new materials are the new germanosilicates of CIT-5 topology having Si:Ge ratios either in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4 or from 30 to 200, with and without added metal oxides. The disclosure also describes methods of preparing and using these new germanosilicate compositions as well as the compositions themselves.
1. A crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology, having an Si:Ge ratio either (a) in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4; or (b) in a range of from 30 to 200.
2. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 1 , that exhibits a powder X-ray diffraction pattern (PXRD) having characteristic peaks at 7.02±0.15, 7.38±0.15, 13.04±0.15, ca. 13.9, ca. 19.0, ca. 20.0, and 27.06±0.15 degrees 2-θ.
3. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 1 having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4.
4. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 3 , prepared by treating a germanosilicate of CIT-13 topology having a Si/Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4 with steam at a temperature in a range of from 500° C. to about 1000° C.
5. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 4 , wherein the treating of the germanosilicate of CIT-13 topology having a Si/Ge ratio in a range of from 4.5 to 10 with steam is done in a rotating oven.
6. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 4 , wherein the treating of the germanosilicate of CIT-13 topology having a Si/Ge ratio in a range of from 4.5 to 10 with steam is done in the substantial absence of mineral acid
7. A method of preparing the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 3 , the method comprising calcining a crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-13 topology having a Si/Ge ratio in a range of from about 3.8 to about 5.4, at a temperature in a range of from about 450° C. to about 1200° C., optionally in the presence of steam, but in the absence of mineral acid, for a time sufficient so as to form the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 3 .
8. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 1 having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 30 to 200.
9. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 8 , prepared by treating the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4, with a concentrated mineral acid at an elevated temperature.
10. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 9 , wherein the concentrated mineral acid is nitric acid and the elevated temperature is a temperature in a range of from 170° C. to 225° C.
11. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 8 , further comprising one or more lattice oxides of metal, M, wherein M is Al, B, Fe, Ga, Hf, Si, Sn, Ti, V, Zn, Zr, or a combination thereof, and M is present in the CIT-5 lattice in a Si/M ratio in a range of from about 15 to about 250.
12. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 11 , wherein M is Al, B, Fe, Si, Sn, Ti, and/or Zn.
13. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 11 , prepared by treating crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4, with nitric acid having a concentration in a range of from 0.9 M to 1.1 M at a temperature in a range of from 160° C. to 230° C., in the presence of a source of the corresponding one or more oxides of metal, M, wherein M is Al, B, Fe, Ga, Hf, Si, Sn, Ti, V, Zn, Zr, or a combination thereof.
14. A method of preparing the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 11 , the method comprising treating the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4 with concentrated mineral acid in the presence of a source of the corresponding one or more oxides of metal, M, wherein M is Al, B, Fe, Ga, Hf, Si, Sn, Ti, V, Zn, Zr, or a combination thereof at an elevated temperature.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the concentrated mineral acid is nitric acid and the elevated temperature is a temperature in a range of from 170° C. to 225° C.
16. A method of preparing the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of CIT-5 topology of claim 8 , the method comprising treating the crystalline microporous CIT-5 germanosilicate having an Si:Ge ratio in a range of from 3.8 to 5.4 with concentrated mineral acid at an elevated temperature.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the concentrated mineral acid is nitric acid and the elevated temperature is a temperature in a range of from 170° C. to 225° C.
18. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of claim 1 , in its hydrogen form.
19. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of claim 1 , comprising micropores optionally containing a metal cation salt, a transition metal, a transition metal oxide, or a transition metal salt in its micropores.
20. A process for affecting an organic transformation or separating materials, the process comprising:
(a) carbonylating DME with CO at low temperatures;
(b) reducing NOx with methane:
(c) cracking, hydrocracking, or dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon;
(d) dewaxing a hydrocarbon feedstock;
(e) converting paraffins to aromatics:
(f) isomerizing or disproportionating an aromatic feedstock;
(g) alkylating an aromatic hydrocarbon;
(h) oligomerizing an alkene;
(i) aminating a lower alcohol;
(j) separating and sorbing a lower alkane from a hydrocarbon feedstock;
(k) isomerizing an olefin;
(l) producing a higher molecular weight hydrocarbon from lower molecular weight hydrocarbon;
(m) reforming a hydrocarbon
(n) converting a lower alcohol or other oxygenated hydrocarbon to produce an olefin product (including MTO);
(o) epoxidizing olefins with hydrogen peroxide;
(p) reducing the content of an oxide of nitrogen contained in a gas stream in the presence of oxygen;
(q) separating nitrogen from a nitrogen-containing gas mixture; or
(r) converting synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide to a hydrocarbon stream; or
(s) reducing the concentration of an organic halide in an initial hydrocarbon product; by contacting a respective feedstock with the crystalline microporous germanosilicate of claim 19 , under conditions sufficient to affect the named transformation.
21. The crystalline microporous germanosilicate of claim 1 , comprising micropores containing a metal cation salt, a transition metal, a transition metal oxide, or a transition metal salt in its micropores.