Apparatuses and methods for actuation of optical elements
An apparatus having an asymmetric adjustable lens with a deformable optical element. The apparatus may also include one or more actuators coupled to a deformable element of the asymmetric adjustable lens in a direct-drive configuration such that (1) mechanical action of the one or more actuators applies force to the deformable optical element and (2) the force applied by the mechanical action of the one or more actuators changes an optical property of the asymmetric adjustable lens by deforming the deformable optical element. Various other devices, systems, and methods are also disclosed.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
an adjustable lens assembly, comprising:
a first adjustable lens comprising a first deformable optical element;
a second adjustable lens comprising a second deformable optical element;
a first actuator coupled to the first deformable optical element such that mechanical action of the first actuator applies a force to the first deformable optical element; and
a second actuator coupled to the second deformable optical element such that mechanical action of the second actuator applies a force to the second deformable optical element;
a display element situated between the first adjustable lens and the second adjustable lens;
a sensor positioned to measure a state of at least one of the first or second adjustable lens; and
a controller configured to actuate at least one of the first or second actuators via closed-loop control based on data received from the sensor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first adjustable lens comprises a first asymmetric adjustable lens and the second adjustable lens comprises a second asymmetric adjustable lens.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
at least one of the first or second actuators is radially mounted along a perimeter of the respective deformable optical element, and
the force applied by the at least one of the first or second actuators acts on a perimeter of the respective deformable optical element.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the at least one of the first or second actuators is positioned to apply force at a discrete point on the perimeter of the respective deformable optical element.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first or second actuators comprises an electrically driven actuator, wherein the controller is further configured to actuate the electrically driven actuator via current control, voltage control, or hybrid current-voltage control.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , further comprising an electrical power source coupled to the electrically driven actuator.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to actuate the at least one of the first or second actuators in response to user input.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is configured to sense whether the at least one of the first or second adjustable lenses is in an adjusted state or a non-adjusted state.
9. An apparatus, comprising:
an adjustable lens assembly, comprising:
a first adjustable lens comprising a first deformable optical element;
a second adjustable lens comprising a second deformable optical element;
a first actuator tangentially mounted along a perimeter of the first deformable optical element such that mechanical action of the first actuator applies a force to the first deformable optical element at a discrete point on the perimeter of the first deformable optical element; and
a second actuator tangentially mounted along a perimeter of the second deformable optical element such that mechanical action of the second actuator applies a force to the second deformable optical element at a discrete point on the perimeter of the second deformable optical element; and
a display situated between the first adjustable lens and the second adjustable lens.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first or second actuators comprises at least one of an electroactive bender, an electroactive stack, a piezoelectric bender, a piezoelectric stack, an electrostrictive bender, or an electrostrictive stack.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first or second actuators comprises an electroactive material including at least one of lead zirconium titanate, barium titanate, or single crystals including lead magnesium niobite-lead titanate or lead zirconate niobate-lead titanate.
12. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein at least the first actuator comprises an electroactive bender, wherein an end of the electroactive bender is positioned to apply the force to the first deformable optical element at the discrete point on the perimeter of the first deformable optical element.
13. The apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising an augmentation mechanism configured to supplement the force applied by at least one of the first actuator or the second actuator.
14. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first actuator or the second actuator is preloaded.
15. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to apply a different amount of force to the respective deformable optical elements.
16. A method comprising:
receiving an indication of an adjustment to be made to an optical property of a first deformable optical element positioned between a see-through display and a user's eye;
receiving an indication of an adjustment to be made to an optical property of a second deformable optical element positioned on an opposite side of the see-through display from the first deformable optical element; and
in response to receiving the indications of the adjustments, applying a first force to the first deformable optical element with a first actuator and applying a second force to the second deformable optical element with a second actuator,
wherein the indication of the adjustment to be made to the optical property of at least one of the first deformable optical element or the second deformable optical element is based on user input.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising sensing, with a sensor, a state of at least one of the first deformable optical element or the second deformable optical element.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein applying the first force to the first deformable optical element comprises applying the first force to at least one discrete point along a perimeter of the first deformable optical element.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein applying the second force to the second deformable optical element comprises applying the second force to at least one discrete point along a perimeter of the second deformable optical element.
20. The method of claim 16 , further comprising supplementing at least one of the first force or the second force with an augmentation mechanism.