Circuit arrangement for a light source
A circuit arrangement for an LED luminaire comprises a plurality of LED strings, an anode terminal line, a cathode terminal line, a plurality of first switching elements, connected in series into the anode terminal line and subdivided into individual line sections, and a plurality of second switching elements, connected in series into the cathode terminal line and subdivided into individual line sections. Each of the LED strings may be connected to the anode terminal line via a first switching element and/or the second switching elements. Each of the first switching elements may be configured to feed an operating current to an LED string, to electrically connect line sections if the current flowing through the LED string exceeds a predetermined value, and to electrically isolate line sections if the current flowing through the LED string falls below a predetermined value.
1. A circuit arrangement for an LED luminaire, comprising:
a plurality of LED strings, each of which comprises one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another,
an anode terminal line for connecting the plurality of LED strings to an anode terminal,
a cathode terminal line for connecting the plurality of LED strings to a cathode terminal,
a plurality of first switching elements, which are connected in series into the anode terminal line and subdivided into individual line sections, and
a plurality of second switching elements, which are connected in series into the cathode terminal line and subdivided into individual line sections,
wherein each of the LED strings is connected to the anode terminal line via one of the first switching elements and/or is connected to the cathode terminal line via one of the second switching elements,
wherein each of the plurality of first switching elements and the plurality of second switching elements is connected to an LED string of the plurality of LED strings and is configured to
feed an operating current to the LED string of the plurality of LED strings,
electrically connect two of the individual line sections to one another if current flowing through the LED string of the plurality of LED strings exceeds a predetermined value, and
to electrically isolate two of the individual line sections from one another if current flowing through the LED string of the plurality of LED strings falls below a predetermined value.
2. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein
the LED strings are connected to the anode terminal line in a first order extending from the anode terminal, and
the LED strings are connected to the cathode terminal line in a second order, which is the inverse of the first order, extending from the cathode terminal.
3. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein
a LED string which is connected to the anode terminal line the furthest away from the anode terminal is connected to the anode terminal line without a first switching element, and/or
a LED string which is connected to the cathode terminal line the furthest away from the cathode terminal is connected to the cathode terminal line without a second switching element, and/or
each LED string that is neither connected to the anode terminal line the furthest away from the anode terminal nor connected to the cathode terminal line furthest away from the cathode terminal is both connected to the anode terminal line via a first switching element and connected to the cathode terminal line via a second switching element.
4. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein
each of the first and second switching elements contains a bipolar transistor, wherein
the bipolar transistor of each first switching element is a pnp transistor and/or
the bipolar transistor of each second switching element is an npn transistor.
5. The circuit arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein
in the bipolar transistor of the first switching element, an emitter is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in the direction toward the anode terminal, a collector is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in a direction away from the anode terminal, and a base is connected to the corresponding LED string, and/or
in the bipolar transistor of the second switching element, an emitter is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in the direction towards the cathode terminal, a collector is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in a direction away from the cathode terminal, and a base is connected to the corresponding LED string.
6. The circuit arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein
a diode path is connected in series with an LED string, which is connected to the anode terminal line or the cathode terminal line without the interposition of a first or second switching element,
wherein the diode path is formed as a base-emitter path of a bipolar transistor whose collector is left unconnected.
7. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein
each of the first and second switching elements comprises a field effect transistor, wherein
the field effect transistor of each first switching element is preferably a p-channel MOSFET and/or
the field effect transistor of each second switching element is preferably an n-channel MOSFET.
8. The circuit arrangement according to claim 7 , wherein
in the field effect transistor of the first switching element, a source is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line that leads from the field effect transistor in the direction toward the anode terminal, a drain is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line that leads from the field effect transistor in a direction away from the anode terminal, a gate is connected to the corresponding LED string, wherein furthermore a Zener diode is connected to the gate via an anode of the Zener diode and to the source via a cathode of the Zener diode and/or one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another is/are connected to the gate at a cathode side of the one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes and to the source at an anode side of the one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes, and/or
in the field effect transistor of the second switching element, a source is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line that leads from the field effect transistor in the direction towards the cathode terminal, a drain is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line which leads from the field effect transistor in a direction away from the cathode terminal, a gate is connected to the corresponding LED string, and a Zener diode is connected to the gate via a cathode of the Zener diode and to the source via an anode of the Zener diode and/or one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another is/are connected to the gate at an anode side of the one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes and to the source at a cathode side of the one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes.
9. The circuit arrangement according to claim 7 , wherein
a Zener diode and/or one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another are/is connected in series between the LED string that is connected to the cathode terminal line without the interposition of a second switching element and the cathode terminal line, and/or
a Zener diode and/or one light-emitting diode or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another are/is connected in series between the LED string which is connected to the anode terminal line without the interposition of a first switching element and the anode terminal line, and/or
a Zener voltage of each Zener diode is a few tenths of a volt greater than a forward voltage or sum of the forward voltages of the light-emitting diode or the plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series with one another that is/are connected in antiparallel with the Zener diode.
10. The circuit arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein
in the bipolar transistor of the first switching element, an emitter is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in the direction towards the anode terminal, a collector is connected to the line section of the anode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in a direction away from the anode terminal, a base is connected to the corresponding LED string via a resistor, and a diode is connected in the forward direction between the anode terminal line and the corresponding LED string, and/or
in the bipolar transistor of the second switching element an emitter is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in the direction towards the cathode terminal, a collector is connected to the line section of the cathode terminal line which leads from the bipolar transistor in a direction away from the cathode terminal, a base is connected to the corresponding LED string via a resistor, and a diode is connected in the forward direction between the cathode side of the corresponding LED string and the cathode terminal line.
11. The circuit arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein
a diode is connected in the forward direction between the LED string that is connected to the cathode terminal line without the interposition of a second switching element and the cathode terminal line, and/or
a diode is connected in the forward direction between the LED string that is connected to the anode terminal line without the interposition of a first switching element and the anode terminal line.
12. The circuit arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein
the bipolar transistors are embodied as Darlington transistors and
in each case two diodes are connected in series between an LED string and the anode terminal line and between the LED string and the cathode terminal line.
13. The circuit arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein
one diode or a series circuit comprising two diodes is embodied as a light-emitting diode.
14. A LED module for insertion into an LED luminaire, comprising
at least one circuit arrangement according to claim 1 .
15. A LED luminaire, comprising
at least one circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and
a driver, connected to the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of the circuit arrangement, for feeding a voltage or a current to the circuit arrangement.
16. A LED luminaire, comprising
at least one circuit arrangement according to claim 14 , and
a driver, connected to the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of the circuit arrangement, for feeding a voltage or a current to the circuit arrangement.
17. A LED luminaire, comprising
at least one circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and an LED module according to claim 14 , and
a driver, connected to the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of the circuit arrangement, for feeding a voltage or a current to the circuit arrangement.
18. A LED luminaire according to claim 15 , wherein the driver is a constant-current driver.