System and method for improved infilling of part interiors in objects formed by additive manufacturing systems
A slicer in a material drop ejecting three-dimensional (3D) object printer identifies the positions and local densities for a plurality of infill lines within a perimeter to be formed within a layer of an object to be formed by the printer. The local density of each infill line is filtered and a control law is applied to the filtered local density to identify an error in the local density compared to a target density. This process is performed iteratively until the error is within a predetermined tolerance range about the target local density. The error is used to generate machine ready instructions to operate the 3D object printer to achieve the target density for the infill lines.
1. A three-dimensional (3D) object printer comprising:
an ejection head having a nozzle that is configured to eject drops of material;
a platform positioned opposite the ejection head;
at least one actuator operatively connected to at least one of the platform and the ejection head, the at least one actuator being configured to move the platform and the ejection head relative to one another; and
a controller operatively connected to the ejection head and the at least one actuator, the controller being configured to:
identify a perimeter to be formed in a first object layer of an object digital data model;
identify a position and a local density for a plurality of infill lines within the identified perimeter;
filter a pulse train to be used to form the plurality of infill lines to identify a local density for each infill line in the plurality of infill lines;
apply a control law to the identified local density to identify an error for the identified local density;
using the identified error to adjust the identified local density for each infill line in the plurality of infill lines;
generate from the adjusted local density for each infill line machine-ready instructions to operate the 3D object printer to infill an interior of the perimeter in the first object layer with the plurality of infill lines; and
execute the generated machine-ready instructions to operate the material drop ejecting 3D object printer to infill the interior of the perimeter in the first object layer of the object with the plurality of infill lines.
2. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to:
adjust a local density of a perimeter adjacent to at least a portion of the plurality of infill lines.
3. The 3D object printer of claim 2 , the controller being further configured to:
adjust the local density of the perimeter after the local density of the plurality of infill lines is adjusted.
4. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to identify the error for the identified local density for each infill line by:
continuing the filtering of the pulse train and the application of the control law to the identified local density for a predetermined number of iterations.
5. The 3D object printer of claim 4 wherein the predetermined number of iterations is provided prior to identifying a position and a local density of a plurality of infill lines.
6. The 3D object printer of claim 5 wherein the number of iterations is determined using a difficulty of features of the first object layer.
7. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to:
weight the pulse train prior to filtering the pulse train.
8. The 3D object printer of claim 7 , the controller being further configured to:
weight the pulse train using an expected change in drop mass versus a change in ejection frequency occurring during acceleration and deceleration of the ejection head.
9. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to identify the error for the identified local density for each infill line by:
continuing the filtering of the pulse train and the application of the control law to the filtered local density until the identified error for the identified local density is within a predetermined range about a target local density.
10. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to filter the pulse train by convolving the pulse train with a low pass filter having a cutoff frequency that is less than a line frequency of the infill lines.
11. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the controller being further configured to filter the pulse train by convolving the pulse train with a cardinal cubic B-spline function.
12. The 3D object printer of claim 11 wherein the cardinal B-spline function is a circular symmetric B-spline function defined by applying ((x 2 +y 2 ) 0.5 ) to a one-dimensional B-spline function.
13. The 3D object printer of claim 1 , the control law being defined as:
line_density(k+1,j)=line_density(k+1,j)−gain*(local_density(k,j)−target), where k is a number of times the control law has been applied previously to the convolved local density, j is a number identifying the infill line in the plurality of infill lines, local_density (k,j) is the convolved local density, target is the target density measured in drops per mm 2 , and gain is a number between 0.5 and 1.5.
14. A three-dimensional (3D) object printer comprising:
an ejection head having a nozzle that is configured to eject drops of material;
a platform positioned opposite the ejection head;
at least one actuator operatively connected to at least one of the platform and the ejection head, the at least one actuator being configured to move the platform and the ejection head relative to one another; and
a controller operatively connected to the ejection head and the at least one actuator, the controller being configured to:
identify a perimeter to be formed in a first object layer of an object digital data model;
identify a position and a local density for a plurality of infill lines within the identified perimeter;
adjust the identified local density for each infill line in the plurality of infill lines;
generate from the adjusted local density for each infill line machine-ready instructions to operate the 3D object printer to infill an interior of the perimeter in the first object layer with the plurality of infill lines; and
execute the generated machine-ready instructions to operate the material drop ejecting 3D object printer to infill the interior of the perimeter in the first object layer of the object with the plurality of infill lines.
15. The 3D object printer of claim 14 , the controller being further configured to:
adjust a local density of a perimeter adjacent to at least a portion of the plurality of infill lines.
16. The 3D object printer of claim 15 , the controller being further configured to:
adjust the local density of the perimeter after the local density of the plurality of infill lines is adjusted.
17. The 3D object printer of claim 14 , the controller being further configured to adjust the identified local density of each infill line by:
identifying an error for the identified local density for each infill line; and
adjusting the identified local density for each infill line using the identified error.