Ultrasonic needles and transducer assemblies formed of non-metal materials or a combination of materials

1. A phacoemulsification transducer assembly comprising:

a reflector;

a driver connected to the reflector, the driver having a known driver vibration frequency range;

a horn connected to the driver opposite the reflector;

a needle connected to the horn opposite the driver, the needle having a known free shaft length; and

wherein to maximize a desired stroke length of the needle for a minimal amount of power applied to the driver, a material forming the needle is chosen such that a speed of sound through the material results in a quarter-wavelength distance at the driver vibration frequency range substantially equal to the needle free shaft length.

2. A phacoemulsification transducer assembly comprising:

a reflector;

a driver connected to the reflector for vibrating at a range of frequencies and at a known power level;

a horn connected to the driver opposite the reflector;

a needle connected to the horn opposite the driver and having a distal end and having a free shaft length substantially equal to a quarter-wavelength of the speed of sound through materials forming the needle at the driver vibrating range of frequencies; and

wherein a construction of the transducer assembly to achieve a desired stroke length at the distal end depends on at least three factors including the driver vibrating range of frequencies, the free shaft length of the needle, and the materials forming the needle, such that for any two of the three factors known, the remaining third factor may be determined.

3. The phacoemulsification transducer assembly of claim 2 wherein the driver vibrating range of frequencies are at a nominal frequency of about 28.5 kHz and the free shaft length of the needle is approximately 14.5 mm and a material forming the needle is determined as a material having the quarter-wavelength of the speed of sound through that material of approximately 14.5 mm at the nominal frequency of about 28.5 kHz.