In-wheel motor with cooling system
A vehicle wheel assembly comprises a wheel for mounting a tire thereon and having an inner space; and an in-wheel motor mounted in the inner space of the wheel and comprising: a rotor connected to the wheel and configured to rotatable relative to a stator, the stator configured to drive the rotor, an electronic device comprising a circuit board and electronics mounted on the circuit board and configured to control the in-wheel motor, two-phase dielectric material, and covers coupled with the stator to form a hermetic enclosure. The electronic device and the two-phase dielectric material are contained in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the covers coupled with stator, and the two-phase dielectric material is in contact with the wall of the stator and the electronic device to cool the stator and the electronic device by transitioning between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, conduction, and convection.
1. A vehicle wheel assembly comprising:
a wheel for mounting a tire thereon and having an inner space; and
an in-wheel motor mounted in the inner space of the wheel and configured to drivingly rotate the wheel, the in-wheel motor comprising:
a rotor coupled to the wheel;
a stator comprising a wall, wherein the rotor is configured to be rotatable relative to the stator, and the stator is configured to drive the rotor;
an electronic device comprising a circuit board and electronics mounted on the circuit board, the electronic device configured to control the in-wheel motor;
two-phase dielectric material; and
one or more covers coupled with the stator to form a hermetic enclosure, wherein the electronic device and the two-phase dielectric material are contained in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers coupled with stator, and the two-phase dielectric material is in contact with the wall of the stator and the electronic device so that the two-phase dielectric material changes temperature of the stator and the electronic device by transitioning between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase.
2. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the two-phase dielectric material is configured to be transitionable between the liquid phase and the gaseous phase in a predetermined operating temperature range.
3. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein a boiling point of the two-phase dielectric material is between 30° C. and 100° C.
4. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein 30% to 90% of a volume of the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers coupled with stator is filled with the two-phase dielectric material.
5. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more covers coupled with the stator comprise two covers, wherein at least one of the two covers has a shape protruding toward another of the two covers to be coupled with each other.
6. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more covers coupled with the stator comprise two covers, each cover having an outer portion fixed to the stator and an inner portion coupled with another cover.
7. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more covers coupled with the stator have a heat sink on an outer surface of the one or more covers so that heat transferred from the two-phase dielectric material to the one or more covers is dissipated through the heat sink.
8. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the electronics of the electronic device positioned in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers comprise a single electronic control unit configured to control the first and second switch modules for controlling the in-wheel motor and a brake actuator configured to apply brake to the wheel or the rotor.
9. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 8 , further comprising a wire electrically connecting the circuit board contained within the hermetic enclosure to the brake actuator disposed outside the hermetic enclosure so that the single electronic control unit mounted on the circuit board controls the brake actuator.
10. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the electronics of the electronic device positioned in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers comprise:
a first switch module configured to control current supplied to conductors of the stator;
a second switch module configured to control power supplied to a brake actuator configured to apply brake to the wheel or the rotor; and
a single electronic control unit configured to control the first and second switch modules.
11. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the electronics of the electronic device positioned in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers comprise a first switch module configured to control current supplied to conductors of the stator and an electronic control unit configured to control the first switch module for controlling the in-wheel motor.
12. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the electronics of the electronic device positioned in the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers comprise a second switch module configured to control power supplied to a brake actuator configured to apply brake to the wheel or the rotor, and an electronic control unit configured to control the second switch module for controlling the brake actuator.
13. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the hermetic enclosure formed by the wall of the stator and the one or more covers coupled with stator hermetically encloses the two-phase dielectric material to prevent leakage of the two-phase dielectric material.
14. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more covers coupled with the stator has a cavity in which a bearing assembly with which the rotor is rotatably coupled is disposed.
15. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
a magnet mounted to a center portion of the rotor rotatably coupled with a bearing assembly and arranged at a rotation axis of the wheel; and
a rotary sensor disposed in sensing relationship with the magnet mounted to the center portion of the rotor, the rotary sensor configured to be responsive to rotation of the magnet for generating a signal.
16. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 15 , wherein the rotary sensor and the magnet of the rotor mounted to the center portion of the rotor are arranged to be collinear with the rotation axis of the wheel.
17. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 15 , wherein:
at least a part of the center portion of the rotor, which is coupled with the bearing assembly and the magnet is mounted to, is positioned inside an inner cavity of the stator, and
other magnets included in the rotor radially surround an outer surface of the stator.
18. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 15 , further comprising a wire electrically connecting the circuit board contained within the hermetic enclosure and the rotary sensor disposed outside the hermetic enclosure so that an electronic control unit mounted on the circuit board receives the signal generated by the rotary sensor.
19. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 15 , wherein the magnet of the rotor mounted to the center portion of the rotor and the rotary sensor are disposed between the bearing assembly and a vehicle frame or body.
20. The vehicle wheel assembly of claim 1 , wherein the in-wheel motor is configured to have 48 stator slots and 40 rotor poles.