Fenestration template for endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms
To provide simple yet accurate stent graft fenestration, a patient-specific fenestration template is used as a guide for graft fenestration. To generate the fenestration template, a patient's medical imaging data such as CT scan data may be used to generate a 3-D digital model of an aorta lumen of the patient. The aorta lumen may encompass one or more branch vessels, which may be indicated on the 3-D digital model. Based on the 3-D digital model or a segment thereof, the fenestration template may be generated, for example, using 3-D printing technology. The fenestration template may include one or more holes or openings that correspond to the one or more branch vessels. To fenestrate a stent graft, the fenestration template is coupled to the stent graft so that the holes or openings on the fenestration template indicate the fenestration locations.
1. A computer-implemented method for generating a patient-specific fenestration template, comprising:
receiving imaging data of a patient;
generating, based at least in part on the imaging data, a 3-D digital model of an aorta lumen of a patient, the aorta lumen encompassing one or more branch vessels;
causing generation of the fenestration template based at least in part on the 3-D digital model, wherein the fenestration template represents a model of the aorta lumen without an aneurysm, wherein the fenestration template is cylindrical, wherein a diameter of the fenestration template matches a diameter of the aorta lumen, and wherein generating the fenestration template comprises:
detecting boundaries for the one or more branch vessels using the imaging data,
adding indications of the one or more branch vessels to the 3-D digital model, and
subtracting a cylinder with a desired fenestration diameter from a solid part of the fenestration template to create one or more openings in the fenestration template; and
scaling up the fenestration template such that a minimum diameter of the fenestration template matches a graft diameter.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the imaging data includes at least CT scan data, ultrasound data, or MRI data.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein causing generation of the fenestration template includes converting the 3-D digital model to a solid object model format suitable for 3-D printing.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:
generating a second 3-D digital model based at least in part on the 3-D digital model; and
generating a second fenestration template based at least in part on the second 3-D digital model.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fenestration template is a sheet configured to be rolled into a cylinder.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises generating one or more bumps, one or more protrusions, or a combination thereof on the fenestration template.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the one or more bumps, one or more protrusions, or a combination thereof are configured to produce fenestrations in a stent graft.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein producing fenestrations in the stent graft comprises:
thermally generating holes in a graft material;
chemically generating holes in the graft material;
puncturing holes in the graft material; or
a combination thereof.
9. A method for treating aortic aneurysm, comprising:
obtaining a stent graft comprising one or more fenestrations generated using the fenestration template generated with the method of claim 6 ; and
deploying the stent graft in the aorta lumen of the patient such that the one or more fenestrations accommodate one or more branch vessels encompassed by the aorta lumen.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the fenestration template is manufactured using 3-D printing technology.