Display system with optical elements for in-coupling multiplexed light streams
Architectures are provided for selectively incoupling one or more streams of light from a multiplexed light stream into a waveguide. The multiplexed light stream can have light with different characteristics (e.g., different wavelengths and/or different polarizations). The waveguide can comprise in-coupling elements that can selectively couple one or more streams of light from the multiplexed light stream into the waveguide while transmitting one or more other streams of light from the multiplexed light stream.
1. A head mounted display system comprising:
an eyepiece comprising a waveguide stack, the waveguide stack comprising:
a first waveguide; and
a second waveguide; and
an image injection device configured to direct a multiplexed light stream into the waveguide stack, the multiplexed light stream comprising a plurality of light streams, wherein the plurality of light streams comprises a first stream of light having a different wavelength and a different polarization than a second stream of light,
wherein the first waveguide comprises wavelength and polarization selective first in-coupling optical elements, wherein the first in-coupling optical elements are configured to selectively in-couple the first stream of light while being transmissive to the second stream of light, and
wherein the second waveguide comprises second in-coupling optical elements configured to selectively in-couple the second stream of light while being transmissive to light having a same polarization as the first stream of light.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second in-coupling optical elements of the second waveguide are configured to selectively in-couple the second stream of light while being transmissive to one or more other streams of light.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first waveguide is configured to output light with a different level of wavefront curvature than the second waveguide.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first in-coupling optical elements and the second in-coupling optical elements overlap, as viewed from an output end of the image injection device.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the image injection device is configured to output light of four different colors.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the stack of waveguides comprises a group of four waveguides, wherein each waveguide of the four waveguides is configured to in-couple light of a different color.
7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one lens structure outside of the waveguides of the waveguide stack, the lens structure configured to modify a wavefront curvature of light outputted by one or more of the waveguides of the waveguide stack.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the lens structure is electro-active.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first in-coupling optical elements are switchable between transmissive and actively light redirecting states.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first in-coupling optical elements are disposed on a surface of the first waveguide.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the image injection device is configured to simultaneously provide all of the light streams of the plurality of light streams to the first waveguide.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the image injection device is configured to provide at least some of the light streams of the plurality of light streams to the first waveguide at different times.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first waveguide comprises out-coupling elements configured to output the in-coupled first stream of light propagating in the first waveguide.
14. The system of claim 13 , further comprising a first group of light redirecting elements configured to increase dimensions of an eyebox along a first axis.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the out-coupling elements comprise a second group of light redirecting elements configured to receive light from the first group of light redirecting elements and to increase dimensions of the eyebox along an axis that is orthogonal to the first axis.
16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the image injection device is a scanning optical fiber.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the image injection device comprises a light modulating device.
18. A head mounted display system comprising:
an eyepiece comprising a waveguide; and
an image injection device configured to direct a multiplexed light stream into the waveguide, the multiplexed light stream comprising a plurality of light streams, wherein the plurality of light streams comprises a first stream of light having a different wavelength and a different polarization than a second stream of light,
wherein the waveguide comprises wavelength and polarization selective in-coupling optical elements, wherein the in-coupling optical elements are configured to selectively in-couple the first stream of light while being transmissive to the second stream of light,
wherein the in-coupling optical elements comprise meta-surfaces.
19. A head mounted display system comprising:
an eyepiece comprising a waveguide, and
an image injection device configured to direct a multiplexed light stream into the waveguide, the multiplexed light stream comprising a plurality of light streams, wherein the plurality of light streams comprises a first stream of light having a different wavelength and a different polarization than a second stream of light,
wherein the waveguide comprises wavelength and polarization selective in-coupling optical elements, wherein the in-coupling optical elements are configured to selectively in-couple the first stream of light while being transmissive to the second stream of light,
wherein the in-coupling optical elements comprise metamaterials.
20. A head mounted display system comprising:
an eyepiece comprising a waveguide; and
an image injection device configured to direct a multiplexed light stream into the waveguide, the multiplexed light stream comprising a plurality of light streams, wherein the plurality of light streams comprises a first stream of light having a different wavelength and a different polarization than a second stream of light,
wherein the waveguide comprises wavelength and polarization selective in-coupling optical elements, wherein the in-coupling optical elements are configured to selectively in-couple the first stream of light while being transmissive to the second stream of light,
wherein the in-coupling optical elements comprise PBPE structures.