Molten metal rotor with hardened blade tips
Embodiments of the invention are directed to a rotor for use in molten metal and devices including the rotor. The rotor has a rotor body and blades, wherein each blade includes a tip that is at least twice as hard as the rotor body.
1. A rotor for use in molten metal, the rotor comprising (a) a body portion, and (b) a plurality of rotor blades, wherein each rotor blade comprises (i) a leading edge on a leading surface, wherein the leading surface has a height, (ii) a trailing edge, (iii) a top surface between the leading edge and the trailing edge, and (iv) a separate hardened tip different from and not connected to a hardened tip on any of the other plurality of rotor blades and comprising material at least twice as hard as the body portion, wherein the hardened tip extends along the top surface 30%-50% of a distance between the leading edge and the trailing edge and 30%-50% of the leading edge.
2. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each separate hardened tip is comprised of material between 2-3 times, 2-4 times, or 2-5 times as hard as the body portion.
3. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each separate hardened tip is cemented to the body portion.
4. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each separate hardened tip is comprised of silicon carbide and the body portion is comprised of graphite.
5. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each rotor blade has a first portion and a second portion, and the first portion pushes the molten metal towards the second portion, and the second portion pushes the molten metal outward.
6. The rotor of claim 5 , wherein each separate hardened tip forms at least part of the first portion.
7. The rotor of claim 6 , wherein each separate hardened tip forms part of the second portion.
8. The rotor of claim 5 , wherein each rotor blade includes a recess on the side opposite the first portion, each recess for enlarging an opening between each rotor blade to allow more molten metal to pass through the opening.
9. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein the body portion has grooves formed in each rotor blade, wherein the grooves are configured to receive a corresponding extension of each hardened tip.
10. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of blades comprises three blades.
11. The rotor of claim 1 that further includes a connective portion configured to connect to a rotor shaft.
12. The rotor of claim 1 that further includes a flow-blocking plate at a bottom of the rotor.
13. The rotor of claim 1 that further includes a bearing surface comprised of ceramic.
14. The rotor of claim 5 , wherein the first portion of each rotor blade has a horizontally-extending projection with a top and with a bottom.
15. The rotor of claim 5 , wherein the second portion of each rotor blade is vertical.
16. The rotor of claim 14 , wherein the bottom surface of each horizontally-extending projection is formed at a 10°-60° downward angle relative a horizontal axis.
17. The rotor of claim 14 , wherein the horizontally-extending projection has the leading edge and the leading edge is at least ⅛″ thick.
18. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each separate hardened tip extends along part of each leading surface.
19. The rotor of claim 1 , wherein each rotor blade has an outermost edge and the separate hardened tip of each rotor blade extends along part of the outermost edge.
20. A molten metal pump including the rotor of claim 1 .