Structural member consisting of dissimilar polymer materials
A structural member including a lightweight core, one or more skins, and a crosslinking nanolayer interposed therebetween that results in significant mechanical strength in the structure. The core is a polymer of reduced density by way of included voids, such as an open or closed cell foam, honeycomb, or corrugated structure. The core polymer has a lower density and may have a higher softening or melting temperature than the polymer skin materials. The core may be discontinuous at the interface with the skin such that only a small percentage of the core surface is actually in contact with the skin compared to the overall area of the interface. The skin may be a thermoplastic layer that attaches to the core material. The skin may be a composite material including non-thermoplastic reinforcements. The crosslinking nanolayer is covalently bonded to the surface of the core material and provides molecular compatibility with the skin material.
1. A composite structural member configured for bearing a load, the member comprising:
a. a polymer core having at least first and second opposing surfaces;
b. a thermoplastic polymer skin attached to at least the first core surface, wherein the skin is dissimilar in chemical composition from the core; and
c. a crosslinking nanolayer, including at least a reactive component and a thermoplastic functional component, interposed between the skin and the core, wherein the reactive component is covalently bonded to at least the first core surface and the thermoplastic functional component, and the thermoplastic functional component molecularly entangles with the skin.
2. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein voids are formed in at least a portion of the core.
3. The structural member in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the polymer core is at least partially a foam.
4. The structural member in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the first core surface is continuous.
5. The structural member in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the first core surface is discontinuous.
6. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the polymer core is a honeycomb structure.
7. The structural member in accordance with claim 6 , wherein the first core surface is continuous.
8. The structural member in accordance with claim 6 , wherein the first core surface is discontinuous.
9. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the skin is a thermoplastic polyolefin.
10. The structural member defined in claim 9 , wherein the thermoplastic functional component is a carboxylic acid functionalized short chain polyolefin polymer, copolymer, or oligomer.
11. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the skin is reinforced with thermoplastic structures.
12. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the skin is reinforced with structures that are not thermoplastic.
13. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the skin is multilayered.
14. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the reactive component is selected from the group of epoxy, isocyanate, carbodiimide, melamine, and oxazoline functional polymer.
15. The structural member in accordance with claim 14 , wherein the reactive component is an oxazoline functional acrylic polymer in an aqueous dispersion.
16. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic functional component is an oxidized short chain polyolefin polymer, copolymer or oligomer.
17. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the structural member is a sandwich panel.
18. The structural member in accordance with claim 17 , wherein the structural member is a sandwich panel with at least one edge that is at least partially enclosed.
19. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the structural member is a rod.
20. The structural member in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the structural member is an I-beam.