Polarized illumination and detection for depth sensing

1. A light generator comprising:

an illumination source configured to emit one or more optical beams;

an acousto-optic device configured to function as a dynamic diffraction grating that diffracts the one or more optical beams to form modulated light based in part on emission instructions;

a controller configured to:

generate the emission instructions comprising information about a radio frequency at which the acousto-optic device is driven, and

modify the radio frequency to adjust a diffraction angle at which the one or more optical beams are diffracted by the acousto-optic device to form the modulated light; and

a projection assembly configured to project the modulated light into a local area as polarized light having a first polarization.

2. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the acousto-optic device includes a transducer and a diffraction area, and responsive to the radio frequency in the emission instructions, the transducer is configured to generate an acoustic wave in the diffraction area to form the dynamic diffraction grating.

3. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the acousto-optic device is further configured to directly generate the modulated light having the first polarization.

4. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the acousto-optic device is further configured to:

directly generate the modulated light as the polarized light satisfying the Bragg phase matching condition for Bragg matching the one or more optical beams incident to the acousto-optic device.

5. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the modulated light comprises a structured light pattern, and the acousto-optic device is further configured to:

scan the one or more optical beams using a specific radio frequency that drives the acousto-optic device to generate a corresponding portion of the structured light pattern.

6. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the polarized light is selected from a group consisting of: linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light.

7. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the illumination source generates the one or more optical beams as light of the first polarization by using a polarizing element associated with the illumination source.

8. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the illumination source is selected from a group consisting of a light source operating in a continuous wave mode, and a light source operating in a pulsed mode.

9. The light generator of claim 1 , wherein the light generator is a component of a depth camera assembly.

10. The light generator of claim 9 , wherein the depth camera assembly is integrated into a head-mounted display.

11. A method comprising:

instructing an illumination source to emit one or more optical beams;

diffracting the one or more optical beams using an acousto-optic device configured to function as a dynamic diffraction grating to form modulated light based in part on emission instructions;

generating the emission instructions comprising information about a radio frequency at which the acousto-optic device is driven:

modifying the radio frequency to adjust a diffraction angle at which the one or more optical beams are diffracted by the acousto-optic device to form the modulated light; and

projecting the modulated light into a local area as polarized light having a first polarization.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

responsive to the radio frequency in the emission instructions, generating an acoustic wave in a diffraction area of the acousto-optic device to form the dynamic diffraction grating.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

directly generating the modulated light having the first polarization using the acousto-optic device.

14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

directly generating the modulated light as the polarized light satisfying the Bragg phase matching condition for Bragg matching the one or more optical beams incident to the acousto-optic device.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the modulated light comprises a structured light pattern, and the method further comprising:

driving the acousto-optic device using a specific radio frequency to scan the one or more optical beams by the acousto-optic device for generating a corresponding portion of the structured light pattern.

16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polarized light is selected from a group consisting of: linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light.

17. A depth camera assembly (DCA) comprising:

an illumination source configured to emit one or more optical beams;

an acousto-optic device configured to function as a dynamic diffraction grating that diffracts the one or more optical beams to form modulated light based in part on emission instructions;

a projection assembly configured to project the modulated light into a local area as polarized light having a first polarization;

an imaging device configured to:

receive light from the local area, the received light including ambient light and a portion of the polarized light reflected from one or more objects in the local area,

reduce an intensity of a portion of the received light having a polarization different than a second polarization to generate filtered light substantially composed of light of the second polarization, and

detect the portion of the reflected polarized light having the second polarization using the filtered light; and

a controller configured to determine depth information for the one or more objects based at least in part on the detected portion of the reflected polarized light.

18. The DCA of claim 17 , wherein the controller is further configured to:

generate the emission instructions comprising information about a radio frequency at which the acousto-optic device is driven; and

modify the radio frequency to adjust a diffraction angle at which the one or more optical beams are diffracted by the acousto-optic device to form the modulated light.