Near-held wireless power transmission techniques
Disclosed is a wireless power transmitter for wirelessly delivering power to a receiver device, the wireless power transmitter including: a plurality of unit cells configured to radiate one or more radio frequency (RF) power transmission waves, each unit cell in the plurality of unit cells including: (i) a metal portion having an interior perimeter that surrounds an aperture defined by the metal portion; and (ii) an antenna that is aligned with the aperture in a first dimension, the antenna being configured to radiate one or more RF power transmission waves for wirelessly charging a receiver device. The one or more RF power transmission waves leak from the wireless power transmitter at least in part through the aperture when the receiver device is positioned within a threshold distance from the unit cell.
1. A wireless-power receiver, comprising:
a near-field antenna configured to receive and/or transmit near-field radio frequency (RF) energy;
a far-field antenna configured to receive and/or transmit far-field RF energy; and
a communications component configured to receive and/or transmit a communication signal including a charging request;
wherein the wireless-power receiver is configured to:
upon receiving a first charging request from another wireless-power receiver, accept or decline the first charging request;
upon accepting the first charging request, transmit near-field RF energy or far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver;
transmit a second charging request to the other wireless-power receiver or a wireless-power transmitter; and
responsive to the second charging request, receive near-field RF energy and/or far-field RF energy from the other wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter.
2. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the first charging request includes a location of the other wireless-power receiver, and the wireless-power receiver is further configured to:
determine whether the other wireless-power receiver is within a near-field transmission threshold distance;
in accordance with a determination that the other wireless-power receiver is within the near-field transmission threshold distance, transmit near-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver;
determine whether the other wireless-power receiver is within a far-field transmission threshold distance; and
in accordance with a determination that the other wireless-power receiver is within the far-field transmission threshold distance, transmit far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
3. The wireless-power receiver of claim 2 , wherein the near-field transmission threshold distance is 10 mm and the far-field transmission threshold di stance is 12 in.
4. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is a first wireless-power receiver and the other wireless-power receiver is a second wireless-power receiver, and the first wireless-power receiver is further configured to:
while receiving near-field RF energy and/or far-field RF energy from the second wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter, receive a third charging request from a third wireless-power receiver; and
responsive to receiving the third charging request, transmit near-field RF energy or far-field RF energy to the third wireless-power receiver.
5. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is configured to convert the near-field RF energy and/or the far-field RF energy received from the other wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter into electrical energy for charging a battery of an electronic device coupled to the wireless-power receiver or for powering the electronic device.
6. The wireless-power receiver of claim 5 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is configured to simultaneously receive near-field RF energy and/or the far-field RF energy from the other wireless-power receiver and the wireless-power transmitter.
7. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving near-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit near-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
8. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving near-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
9. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving far-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit near-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
10. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving far-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
11. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein each charging request includes one or more of location information, a battery level, effectiveness of the received power, and device information.
12. The wireless-power receiver of claim 1 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is configured to determine one or more parameters for the near-field RF energy or far-field RF energy based at least in part on the first charging request received from the other wireless-power receiver.
13. A method of wirelessly transferring power, the method comprising:
at a wireless-power receiver comprising a near-field antenna configured to receive and/or transmit near-field radio frequency (RF) energy, a far-field antenna configured to receive and/or transmit far-field RF energy, and a communications component configured to receive and/or transmit a communication signal including a charging request:
receiving a first charging request from another wireless-power receiver;
accepting or declining the first charging request;
upon accepting the first charging request, transmitting near-field RF energy or far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver;
transmitting a second charging request to the other wireless-power receiver or a wireless-power transmitter; and
responsive to the second charging request, receiving near-field RF energy and/or far-field RF energy from the other wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first charging request includes a location of the other wireless-power receiver, and the method further comprises:
determining whether the other wireless-power receiver is within a near-field transmission threshold distance;
in accordance with a determination that the other wireless-power receiver is within the near-field transmission threshold distance, transmitting near-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver;
determining whether the other wireless-power receiver is within a far-field transmission threshold distance; and
in accordance with a determination that the other wireless-power receiver is within the far-field transmission threshold distance, transmitting far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the near-field transmission threshold distance is 10 mm and the far-field transmission threshold distance is 12 in.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is a first wireless-power receiver and the other wireless-power receiver is a second wireless-power receiver, and the method further comprises:
while receiving near-field RF energy and/or far-field RF energy from the second wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter, receiving a third charging request from a third wireless-power receiver; and
responsive to receiving the third charging request, transmitting near-field RF energy or far-field RF energy to the third wireless-power receiver.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is configured to simultaneously receive near-field RF energy and/or the far-field RF energy from the other wireless-power receiver and the wireless-power transmitter.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving near-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit near-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the wireless-power receiver is further configured to while receiving near-field RF energy from the wireless-power transmitter, responsive to receiving the first charging request, transmit far-field RF energy to the other wireless-power receiver.
20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors that are in communication with a wireless-power receiver, cause the wireless-power receiver to:
receive, via a communications component, a first charging request from another wireless-power receiver;
accept or decline the first charging request;
upon accepting the first charging request, transmit near-field RF energy, via a near-field antenna, or far-field RF energy, via a far-field antenna, to the other wireless-power receiver;
transmit, via the communications component, a second charging request to the other wireless-power receiver or a wireless-power transmitter; and
responsive to the second charging request, receive near-field RF energy, via the near-field antenna, and/or far-field RF energy, via the far-field antenna, from the other wireless-power receiver and/or the wireless-power transmitter.