Optical modulator and optical modulation method
An optical modulator, that includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and three or more segments, generates an optical signal based on three or more electric signals transmitted in parallel. The three or more segments are provided in series along an optical path of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and respectively shift a phase of light propagating through the optical path based on the three or more electric signals. A length of at least one of the three or more segments is different from lengths of the other segments. Optical path lengths from input ends of respective segments to input ends of corresponding next segments are the sae.
1. An optical modulator that generates an optical signal based on three or more electric signals transmitted in parallel, the optical modulator comprising:
a Mach-Zehnder interferometer; and
three or more segments that are provided in series along an optical path of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and respectively shift a phase of light propagating through the optical path based on the three or more electric signals, wherein
a length of at least one of the three or more segments is different from lengths of the other segments, and
optical path lengths from input ends of respective segments to input ends of corresponding next segments are the same.
2. The optical modulator according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a delay adjustment circuit that adjusts timings of the three or more electric signals, wherein
the three or more segments include a first segment, a second segment provided on an output side of the first segment, and a third segment provided on an output side of the second segment,
the delay adjustment circuit
delays, with respect to a first electric signal to be supplied to the first segment, a second electric signal to be supplied to the second segment by a first delay time indicating a time required for light to propagate from the input end of the first segment to the input end of the second segment through the optical path of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and
delays a third electric signal to be supplied to the third segment with respect to the first electric signal by a second delay time indicating a time required for light to propagate from the input end of the first segment to the input end of the third segment through the optical path of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
3. The optical modulator according to claim 2 , wherein
a length of the second delay time is twice a length of the first delay time.
4. The optical modulator according to claim 2 , wherein
by using a plurality of delay elements having the same circuit configuration, the delay adjustment circuit delays the second electric signal with respect to the first electric signal by the first delay time and delays the third electric signal with respect to the first electric signal by the second delay time.
5. The optical modulator according to claim 2 , wherein
the delay adjustment circuit includes
a delay circuit that delays a first clock signal by the first delay time so as to generate a second clock signal and delays the first clock signal by the second delay time so as to generate a third clock signal,
a first flip-flop circuit that holds the first electric signal and outputs the first electric signal in response to the first clock signal,
a second flip-flop circuit that holds the second electric signal and outputs the second electric signal in response to the second clock signal, and
a third flip-flop circuit that holds the third electric signal and outputs the third electric signal in response to the third clock signal.
6. The optical modulator according to claim 5 , wherein
the delay circuit includes a plurality of delay elements having the same configuration and connected in series,
the second clock signal is output from a first delay element among the plurality of delay elements, and
the third clock signal is output from a second delay element among the plurality of delay elements that is provided on an output side of the first delay element.
7. The optical modulator according to claim 2 , wherein
the first electric signal, the second electric signal, and the third electric signal are respectively supplied to the input ends of the first segment, the second segment, and the third segment.
8. An optical modulation method for generating an optical signal based on three or more electric signals transmitted in parallel, wherein
an optical modulator for generating the optical signal includes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and three or more segments that are provided in series along an optical path of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and respectively shift a phase of light propagating through the optical path based on the three or more electric signals,
a length of at least one of the three or more segments is different from lengths of the other segments, and
optical path lengths from input ends of respective segments to input ends of corresponding next segments are the same, the optical modulation method comprising:
receiving quality information indicating a quality of the optical signal from a device that receives the optical signal; and
adjusting, according to the quality information, timings at which the three or more electric signals are supplied to the three or more segments.