Adhesive alloys and filter medias including such adhesive alloys
Embodiments described herein relate generally to adhesive alloys and their use in filter media, and in particular to adhesive alloys that can be melt blown onto a filter media layer, and which are thermally activated to bond the filter media layer to another filter media layer. An adhesive alloy is provided. A thermally activated adhesive has a first melting temperature. A polymer has a second melting temperature greater than the first melting temperature. A ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the adhesive alloy is in a range of 5 wt % to 70 wt %.
1. A filter media, comprising:
a first filter media layer;
a second filter media layer;
a first adhesive alloy layer comprising a first adhesive alloy disposed between the first filter media layer and the second filter media layer, the first adhesive alloy comprising:
a thermally activated adhesive having a first melting temperature, and
a polymer blended with the thermally activated adhesive, the polymer having a second melting temperature greater than the first melting temperature,
wherein a ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the first adhesive alloy is in a range of 5 wt % to 70 wt %; and
a second adhesive alloy layer comprising a second adhesive alloy disposed on the first adhesive alloy layer, the second adhesive alloy comprising:
the thermally activated adhesive having the first melting temperature, and
the polymer blended with the thermally activated adhesive, the polymer having the second melting temperature,
wherein a ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the second adhesive alloy is in a range of 5 wt % to 70 wt %;
wherein the ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the second adhesive alloy is greater than the ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the first adhesive alloy,
wherein the first adhesive alloy layer is different from the second adhesive alloy layer and the first adhesive alloy is different from the second adhesive alloy, and
wherein the first adhesive alloy layer and the second adhesive alloy layer have a first porosity that is greater than a second porosity of the first filter media layer or the second filter media layer.
2. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the thermally activated adhesive comprises thermoplastic polyurethane.
3. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first adhesive alloy has an alloy melting temperature greater than the first melting temperature but less than the second melting temperature.
4. The filter media of claim 3 , wherein the first adhesive alloy has an alloy softening temperature less than the alloy melting temperature, and wherein heating the first adhesive alloy to the alloy softening temperature causes the first adhesive alloy to be adhesively bondable to a substrate.
5. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises polyamide, aliphatic polyamide, aromatic polyamide, polysulfone, cellulose acetate, polyether sulfone, polybenzimidazole, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile, poly(ethylene terephthalate), polypropylene, polyaniline, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene naphthalate), poly(butylene terephthalate), styrene butadiene rubber, polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(vinyl butylene), polyphenylene sulfide, liquid crystal polymer, copolymers or derivatives thereof.
6. The filter media of claim 5 , wherein the polymer comprises poly(butylene terephthalate).
7. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first porosity is an order of magnitude greater than the second porosity.
8. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first adhesive alloy layer and the second adhesive alloy layer are configured as non-woven mats.
9. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first adhesive alloy layer and the second adhesive alloy layer comprise a plurality of fibers.
10. The filter media of claim 9 , wherein each fiber of the plurality of fibers has a diameter in a range of 0.5 μm to 50 μm.
11. The filter media of claim 9 , wherein each fiber of the plurality of fibers has a diameter in a range of 1 μm to 30 μm.
12. The filter media of claim 1 , wherein the first adhesive alloy layer and the second adhesive alloy layer have a thickness of less than 100 μm.
13. A filter media formed by a process comprising:
mixing a first amount of a thermally activated adhesive with a polymer to form a mixture;
at least one of dry blending or compounding the mixture to form a first adhesive alloy;
melt blowing the first adhesive alloy onto a surface of a first filter media layer to form a first non-woven adhesive alloy layer disposed on the first filter media layer;
melt blowing a second adhesive alloy comprising a second amount of the thermally activated adhesive and the polymer onto a surface of the first adhesive alloy to form a second non-woven adhesive alloy layer disposed on the first adhesive alloy;
heating at least the first non-woven adhesive alloy layer to a temperature greater than a softening temperature of the first adhesive alloy but lower than a melting temperature of the first adhesive alloy;
disposing a second filter media layer over the second non-woven adhesive alloy layer; and
cooling the first non-woven adhesive alloy layer to a temperature below the softening temperature of the first adhesive alloy, causing the first non-woven adhesive alloy layer to harden and bond to each of the first filter media layer and the second adhesive alloy,
wherein a ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the first adhesive alloy is in a range of 5 wt % to 70 wt %,
wherein a ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the second adhesive alloy is in a range of 5 wt % to 70 wt %,
wherein the ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the second adhesive alloy is greater than the ratio of the thermally activated adhesive in the first adhesive alloy,
wherein the first adhesive alloy is different from the second adhesive alloy and the first non-woven adhesive alloy layer is different from the second non-woven adhesive alloy layer, and
wherein the first adhesive alloy layer the second adhesive alloy layer have a first porosity that is greater than a second porosity of the first filter media layer or the second filter media layer.
14. The filter media of claim 13 , wherein the thermally activated adhesive comprises thermoplastic polyurethane and the polymer comprises poly(butylene terephthalate).