Computer-implemented method for simulating an electrical circuit
A computer-implemented method for simulating an electrical circuit via at least one computing unit, the electrical circuit comprising circuit components with switch elements, wherein the switch elements are capable of assuming either a conductive or a blocking switched state, wherein the circuit is described by a mathematical representation MR and the circuit for each total switched state is calculated on the computing unit by numerically solving the mathematical representation MR describing the total switched state.
1 . A computer-implemented method for simulating an electrical circuit via at least one computing unit, the method comprising:
providing the electrical circuit with circuit components with switch elements capable of assuming either a conductive or a blocking switched state;
describing the circuit using a mathematical representation and the circuit for each total switched state being calculated on the computing unit by numerically solving the mathematical representation which describes the total switched state;
representing a conductive switch element in the circuit by a switch coil;
representing a blocking switch element in the circuit by a switch capacitor;
describing the electrical behavior of switch coil and switch capacitor by structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations so that using the structurally identical time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements results in a switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit, where H is a time-discrete system matrix, φ is an input matrix, C d is an output matrix, D d is a transmission matrix;
performing the simulation on the computing unit based on the switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit; and
outputting selected calculated output variables of the electrical circuit as electrical signals to act on a technical-physical process,
wherein the structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements comprise a power source component I S,k , and
wherein for shortening transient transitions when changing the switched state of the switch elements, the power source components I S,k have an additional pulse current Ĩ FF , thus realizing a feed-forward control.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements further comprise a uniform conductance component for the conductive and the blocking switched states of the respective switch element, and
wherein the power source components I S,k are additional inputs of the switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d , so that different total switched states are only set by influencing the additional inputs or the power source components.
3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the pulse current Ĩ FF is equal to zero in only one calculation step, preferably only at the time of switchover of the respective switch element.
4 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein the level of the pulse current Ĩ FF for a switch element is calculated with the proviso that the transient transition is completely avoided when changing the switched state of the switch element.
5 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein the power source components I S,k of those switch elements that have the highest actual or expected switching frequency are equipped with the additional pulse current Ĩ FF .
6 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein a specific extended time-discrete state space representation with a system matrix φ* is obtained from the switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation of H, φ, C d , D d by using the specific choice for the conductance components G S and the power source components I S,k and possibly for the pulse currents Ĩ FF , and that the eigenvalues λ i are calculated as a stability parameter from the system matrix φ*.
7 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein, as a reference circuit for each total switched state of the circuit, a switched state-dependent, time-discrete state space representation is determined by assuming the smallest possible values for the inductances of the switch coils and for the capacitances of the switch capacitors, in particular subject to the condition that a uniform conductance component G S is used for the conductive and the blocking switched states of the respective switch element, and wherein from the system matrix of the switched state-dependent, time-discrete state space representation of the reference circuit, the reference eigenvalues Δ Refi are calculated for each switched state of the circuit, and wherein, via the calculation of a quality criterion using the eigenvalues λ i of the system matrix of the extended time-discrete state space representation and the reference eigenvalues Δ Refi , the best choice for the uniform conductance component G S is determined for the conductive and the blocking switched states of the respective switch elements.
8 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein a summary measure for a dynamic deviation is calculated as the quality criterion J from the sum of the differences between the eigenvalues λ i of the extended time-discrete state space representation and the corresponding reference eigenvalues Δ Refi of the switched state-dependent, time-discrete state space representation of the overall reference circuit, and that the summary stability parameter is minimized, in particular wherein in addition, the switched state-dependent, time-discrete state space representation of the reference circuit is added up over the various switched states.
9 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the pulse current Ĩ FF is equal to zero in only one calculation step.
10 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the pulse current Ĩ FF is equal to zero only at the time of switchover of the respective switch element.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the value for the power source components I S,k+1 in the conductive switched state of the switch elements and in the blocking switched state of the switch elements at the calculation time k+1 at least depends on the value of the power source components I S,k at calculation time k.
12 . A simulator with a computing unit for the simulation of an electric circuit, wherein the computing unit is programmed with a program such that when executing the program, the method according to claim 1 is performed.
13 . A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, comprising commands that, when executing the program via a computing unit, cause the computing unit to carry out the method according to claim 1 .
14 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the technical-physical process is a control device for an automobile, an aircraft or an energy generation and energy distribution systems.
15 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the technical-physical process is a frequency converter of an electric drive controlled by the simulated electrical circuit, a DC/DC converter controlled by the simulated electrical circuit, a power supply network controlled by the simulated electrical circuit, or a machine part controlled by the simulated electrical circuit.
16 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one computing units is used for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation or Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP).
17 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the selected calculated output variables of the electrical circuit are out as electrical signals by an I/O interface.
18 . A method for controlling a physical-technical process, comprising:
simulating an electrical circuit, said simulating comprising:
providing the electrical circuit with circuit components with switch elements capable of assuming either a conductive or a blocking switched state;
describing the circuit using a mathematical representation and the circuit for each total switched state being calculated on a computing unit by numerically solving the mathematical representation which describes the total switched state;
representing a conductive switch element in the circuit by a switch coil;
representing a blocking switch element in the circuit by a switch capacitor;
describing the electrical behavior of switch coil and switch capacitor by structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations so that using the structurally identical time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements results in a switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit, where H is a time-discrete system matrix, φ is an input matrix, C d is an output matrix, D d is a transmission matrix; and
performing the simulation on the computing unit based on the switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit; and
outputting selected calculated output variables of the electrical circuit as electrical signals to act on a technical-physical process,
wherein the structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements comprise a power source component I S,k , and
wherein for shortening transient transitions when changing the switched state of the switch elements, the power source components I S,k have an additional pulse current Ĩ FF , thus realizing a feed-forward control.
19 . A system, comprising:
an electrical circuit;
a technical-physical process; and
a computing unit configured to directly interact with the physical technical process and to simulate the electrical circuit, the computing unit comprises an I/O interface configured to act on the technical-physical process, the computing unit being configured to simulate the electrical circuit by:
providing the electrical circuit with circuit components with switch elements capable of assuming either a conductive or a blocking switched state;
describing the circuit using a mathematical representation and the circuit for each total switched state being calculated on the computing unit by numerically solving the mathematical representation which describes the total switched state;
representing a conductive switch element in the circuit by a switch coil;
representing a blocking switch element in the circuit by a switch capacitor;
describing the electrical behavior of switch coil and switch capacitor by structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations so that using the structurally identical time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements results in a switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit, where H is a time-discrete system matrix, φ is an input matrix, C d is an output matrix, D d is a transmission matrix;
performing the simulation on the computing unit based on the switched state-independent, time-discrete state space representation H, φ, C d , D d for all total switched states of the circuit; and
outputting selected calculated output variables of the electrical circuit as electrical signals to act on the technical-physical process,
wherein the structurally identical, time-discrete switch equations for the switch elements comprise a power source component I S,k , and
wherein for shortening transient transitions when changing the switched state of the switch elements, the power source components I S,k have an additional pulse current Ĩ FF , thus realizing a feed-forward control.