Polylactone foams and methods of making the same
The present invention is directed to compositions comprising polylactone melt, extrudate, and processes for producing a foam. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the processes comprise: heating a polylactone composition containing a biobased polylactone in a reaction vessel; and subjecting the polylactone composition to molding to give a foamed structure.
1. A composition, comprising:
a. a polylactone polymer being end-capped with a thermally stable compound; and
b. one or more blowing agents, wherein the composition is foam-able when heated and mixed.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more blowing agents includes one or more of water, carbonate salts, carbon-dioxide-releasing materials, diazo compounds, nitrogen-producing materials, carbon dioxide, decomposing polymeric materials, poly(t-butylmethacrylate), polyacrylic acid, nitrogen, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, or a combination thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more nucleating agents.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the one or more nucleating agents includes one or more of talc, kaolin, mica, silica, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, clay, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, or azodicarbodiamide, or any combination thereof.
5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additives including one or more of antioxidants, light stabilizers, fibers, foaming additives, electrically conductive additives, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, heat stabilizers, impact modifiers, biocides, compatibilizers, tackifiers, colorants, coupling agents, curing agents, or pigments, or any combination thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more chain extenders or one or more branching agents.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polylactone polymer is polypropiolactone, polylactide, polyglycolide, or polycaprolactone.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polylactone polymer comprises repeating monomers of beta-lactone derivatives.
9. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more plasticizers including one or more of polyalkylene glycols, malinated soybean, epoxidized soybean, linseed, sunflower oils, or any combination thereof.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein when the composition is heated and extruded, the composition is an extrudate having a viscosity and density suitable for forming a stable and durable foam.
11. A foam, comprising:
a. a polylactone polymer being end capped by a thermally stable compound; and
b. one or more blowing agents.
12. The foam of claim 11 , wherein the one or more blowing agents includes one or more of water, carbonate salts, carbon-dioxide-releasing materials, diazo compounds, nitrogen-producing materials, carbon dioxide, decomposing polymeric materials, poly(t-butylmethacrylate), polyacrylic acid, nitrogen, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, or a combination thereof.
13. The foam of claim 12 , further comprising one or more nucleating agents.
14. The foam of claim 13 , wherein the one or nucleating agents includes one or more of talc, kaolin, mica, silica, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, clay, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, or any combination thereof.
15. The foam of claim 12 , further comprising one or more additives including one or more of antioxidants, light stabilizers, fibers, foaming additives, electrically conductive additives, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, heat stabilizers, impact modifiers, biocides, compatibilizers, tackifiers, colorants, coupling agents, curing agents, branching agents, chain extenders, plasticizers, pigments, or any combination thereof.
16. The foam of claim 12 , wherein the foam has a closed cell structure.
17. The foam of claim 12 , wherein the foam is thermolyze-able to produce acrylic acid.
18. A process, comprising:
heating an end-capped polylactone to produce polylactone melt; and
processing the polylactone melt to produce a foam.
19. The process of claim 18 , wherein prior to heating, the process further comprises combining the end-capped polylactone with one or more nucleating agents, one or more additives, or any combination thereof.
20. The process of claim 18 , wherein after heating and prior to molding, the process further comprises adding one or more blowing agents to the polylactone melt.