Self-contained biological indicator
The present disclosure is directed to self-contained biological indicators wherein a single type of indicator is capable of being used for various sterilization conditions, including sterilization with steam and/or ethylene oxide. In some embodiments, a single type of biological indicator is capable of being used for different steam sterilization conditions having varied temperatures and sterilization cycles.
1. A self-contained biological indicator comprising:
a housing;
a source of biological activity, the source comprising and/or capable of producing an enzyme capable of catalyzing a cleavage of an enzyme substrate; and
an actuatable container comprising a liquid composition, comprising the enzyme substrate, wherein the enzyme substrate comprises a fluorophore component that, when separated from the enzyme substrate by the enzyme, comprises 7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one or a derivative thereof;
wherein the actuatable container can be actuated to allow the liquid composition to contact a bacterial spore; and
wherein the source of biological activity and/or the liquid composition comprises an effective amount of an acidic component and/or a basic component such that, when the source of biological activity and the liquid composition are combined, a resulting mixture of the source of biological activity and the liquid composition has an initial pH greater than or equal to a pKa of a hydroxyl group of the fluorophore component.
2. The self-contained biological indicator of claim 1 , wherein the fluorophore component is selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-5-fluoro-2H-chromen-2-one, 4-methyl-6-fluoro-2H-chromen-2-one, 4-methyl-8-fluoro-2H-chromen-2-one, 4-methyl-6,8-difluoro-2H-chromen-2-one, 4-methyl-6-chloro-2H-chromen-2-one, and 4-methylethanoate-6-fluoro-2H-chromen-2-one.
3. The self-contained biological indicator of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of α-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, lipase, esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, proteases, aminopeptidase, chymotrypsin, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, α-glucoronidase, β-glucoronidase, phosphohydrolase, plasmin, thrombin, trypsin, calpain, α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase, a-L-fucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase, a-L-arabinofuranosidase, cysteine aminopeptidase, valine aminopeptidase, β-xylosidase, α-L-iduronidase, glucanase, cellobiosidase, cellulase, α-arabinosidase, glycanase, sulfatase, butyrate, glycosidase, arabinosidase, and a combination thereof.
4. The self-contained biological indicator of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme substrate comprises a derivative of 4-methylumbelliferone or a derivative of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin.
5. The self-contained biological indicator of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme comprises α-D-glucosidase, wherein the enzyme substrate comprises 4-methylumbelliferyl-α-D-glucopyranoside.
6. A system, comprising
the self-contained biological indicator of claim 1 ; and
an automated reader configured to:
receive at least a portion of the self-contained biological indicator;
direct a first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation into the liquid composition in the housing; and
detect or measure a quantity of a second wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a fluorescent product.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the self-contained biological indicator is adapted to be used to determine efficacy of any steam sterilization process selected from the group consisting of 121° C. gravity process, 121° C. pre-vac process, 121° C. SFPP process, 132° C. gravity process, 132° C. pre-vac process, 132° C. SFPP process, 134° C. pre-vac process, 134° C. SFPP process, 135° C. gravity process, 135° C. pre-vac process, and 135° C. SFPP process.