Systems and methods for external light management
An augmented reality system includes a light source to generate a virtual light beam, the virtual light beam carrying information for a virtual object. The system also includes a light guiding optical element, the light guiding optical element allowing a first portion of a first real-world light beam to pass therethrough, where the virtual light beam enters the light guiding optical element, propagates through the light guiding optical element by substantially total internal reflection (TIR), and exits the light guiding optical element. The system further includes a lens disposed adjacent and exterior to a surface of the light guiding optical element, the lens comprising a light modulating mechanism to absorb a second portion of the real-world light beam and to allow the first portion of the real-world light to pass through the lens.
1. An augmented reality system, comprising:
a light source to generate a virtual light beam, the virtual light beam carrying information for a virtual object;
a light guiding optical element, the light guiding optical element allowing a first portion of a first real-world light beam to pass therethrough, wherein the virtual light beam enters the light guiding optical element, propagates through the light guiding optical element by substantially total internal reflection (TIR), and exits the light guiding optical element; and
a lens disposed adjacent and exterior to a surface of the light guiding optical element, the lens comprising a light modulating mechanism to attenuate a second portion of the real-world light beam and to allow the first portion of the real-world light to pass through the lens, the light modulating mechanism comprising:
a liquid crystal layer;
first and second electrodes disposed adjacent to and on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer;
first and second compensation films disposed adjacent and exterior to the first and second electrodes, respectively; and
first and second polarizers disposed adjacent and exterior to the first and second compensation films, respectively.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second polarizer each includes a plurality of regions configured to impart different degrees of polarization on light passing therethrough.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to impart a degree of retardation or polarization rotation on light passing therethrough in response to a voltage applied by the first and second electrodes.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the degree of polarization imparted by the liquid crystal layer is proportional to the voltage applied by the first and second electrodes.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second electrodes are configured to apply a voltage to the liquid crystal layer that varies along a direction in the liquid crystal layer.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the direction is from a bottom of the liquid crystal layer to a top of the liquid crystal layer.
7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first and second electrodes are separated by a distance that increases along the direction in the liquid crystal layer.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the first electrode tapers away from the second electrode such that the distance increases along the direction in the liquid crystal layer.
9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the first electrode comprises a plurality of segments, each adjacent pair of segments having a preceding segment disposed farther from the second electrode compared to a following segment in the direction.
10. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first electrode has a thickness that decreases along the direction.
11. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first electrode comprises first, second, and third segments disposed along the direction, and
wherein the first and third segments have a first and a third resistance that is lower than a second resistance of the second segment.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the first and third segments comprise indium tin oxide.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the second segment comprises graphene.
14. The system of claim 11 , further comprising first and second voltage sources electrically coupled to the first and third segments of the first electrode.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode comprises a plurality of segments disposed along the direction and electrically separated from each other by a corresponding plurality of resistors.
16. The system of claim 15 , further comprising a voltage source electrically coupled to a first segment of the plurality of segments at a far end of the first electrode along the direction.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first electrode has a flatten shape, and
wherein the plurality of resistors are disposed along an edge of the first electrode.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of segments are physically separated from each other by a plurality of electrically-insulating members.
19. The system of claim 15 , wherein each of the plurality of resistors are disposed physically between respective pairs of the plurality of segments.