Monitoring and triggering of electrical fuses
The invention relates to a circuit arrangement ( 12 ) for monitoring and triggering an igniter ( 5 ) of an active electrical fuse ( 6 ). The arrangement comprises: a control and evaluation unit ( 1 ), an alternating current generating unit ( 2 ) activated by the control and evaluation unit ( 1 ), an alternating current transmission unit arranged between the igniter ( 5 ) and the alternating current generating unit ( 2 ), the control and evaluation unit ( 1 ) being designed and programmed, in a first operational state, to determine the electrical resistance of the igniter ( 5 ) from a current detected on the primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, the value of the resistance being a measure for tripping of the igniter ( 5 ), and, in a second operational state, to trigger the igniter ( 5 ) by means of the alternating current generating unit ( 2 ). The invention further relates to an associated method, to a computer program product which carries out the method and a computer-readable medium, and to a converter and to an aircraft having such a circuit arrangement.
1. A circuit arrangement for monitoring and triggering an ignition pellet of an active electrical fuse, the circuit arrangement comprising:
a control and evaluation unit;
an alternating current generation unit actuated by the control and evaluation unit; and
an alternating current transmission unit arranged between the ignition pellet and the alternating current generation unit,
wherein the control and evaluation unit is configured and programmed to:
in a first operating state, determine an electrical resistance of the ignition pellet from a current detected on a primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, the primary side being relative to the alternating current transmission unit, wherein a value of the electrical resistance is a measure for triggering the ignition pellet; and
in a second operating state, trigger the ignition pellet by the alternating current generation unit.
2. The circuit arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the control and evaluation unit is further configured and programmed to:
change a pulse width of the alternating current generation unit;
in the first operating state, given a pulse width of the alternating current generation unit below a predeterminable threshold value, determine the electrical resistance of the ignition pellet from the current detected on the primary side and the voltage detected on the primary side; and
in the second operating state, set a pulse width of the alternating current generation unit above the predeterminable threshold value.
3. The circuit arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the control and evaluation unit is further configured and programmed to determine an impedance of an actuation chain controlled by the control and evaluation unit.
4. The circuit arrangement of claim 1 , further comprising:
a capacitor arranged on the primary side in series with the alternating current transmission unit and configured to block direct current.
5. The circuit arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the alternating current transmission unit is configured as a transformer with coil windings that are isolated from one another, and
wherein the primary side is electrically isolated from a secondary side.
6. The circuit arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the alternating current generation unit is configured to:
actuate a push-pull output driver circuit via two separate signals; and
generate two mutually inverse alternating current signals.
7. A method for monitoring and triggering an ignition pellet of an active electrical fuse, the method comprising:
feeding an alternating current on a primary side from an alternating current generation unit into an alternating current transmission unit;
in a first operating state, determining an electrical resistance of the ignition pellet connected on a secondary side to the alternating current transmission unit from a current detected on the primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, wherein a value of the electrical resistance is a measure for triggering the ignition pellet; and
in a second operating state, triggering the ignition pellet by the alternating current generation unit.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein in the first operating state, an alternating current with a pulse width below a predeterminable threshold value is fed on the primary side from the alternating current generation unit into the alternating current transmission unit,
wherein the electrical resistance of the ignition pellet is determined from the current detected on the primary side and the voltage detected on the primary side, and
wherein in the second operating state, the pulse width of the alternating current of the alternating current generation unit is increased above the threshold value.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the alternating current transmission unit is arranged between the ignition pellet and the alternating current generation unit.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions executable by a control and evaluation unit to monitor and trigger an ignition pellet of an active electrical fuse, the instructions comprising:
feeding an alternating current on a primary side from an alternating current generation unit into an alternating current transmission unit, the primary side being relative to the alternating current transmission unit;
in a first operating state, determining an electrical resistance of the ignition pellet connected on a secondary side to the alternating current transmission unit from a current detected on the primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, wherein a value of the electrical resistance is a measure for triggering the ignition pellet; and
in a second operating state, triggering the ignition pellet by the alternating current generation unit.
11. A converter comprising:
a circuit arrangement for monitoring and triggering an ignition pellet of an active electrical fuse, the circuit arrangement comprising:
a control and evaluation unit;
an alternating current generation unit actuated by the control and evaluation unit; and
an alternating current transmission unit arranged between the ignition pellet and the alternating current generation unit, wherein the control and evaluation unit is configured and programmed to, in a first operating state, determine an electrical resistance of the ignition pellet from a current detected on a primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, the primary side being relative to the alternating current transmission unit, wherein a value of the electrical resistance is a measure for triggering the ignition pellet, and in a second operating state, trigger the ignition pellet by the alternating current generation unit,
wherein the circuit arrangement is connected on an input side.
12. The converter of claim 11 , wherein the converter is an inverter.
13. An aircraft comprising:
a converter for an electric or hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion system, the converter comprising:
a circuit arrangement for monitoring and triggering an ignition pellet of an active electrical fuse, the circuit arrangement comprising:
a control and evaluation unit;
an alternating current generation unit actuated by the control and evaluation unit; and
an alternating current transmission unit arranged between the ignition pellet and the alternating current generation unit, wherein the control and evaluation unit is configured and programmed to, in a first operating state, determine an electrical resistance of the ignition pellet from a current detected on a primary side and a voltage detected on the primary side, the primary side being relative to the alternating current transmission unit, wherein a value of the electrical resistance is a measure for triggering the ignition pellet, and in a second operating state, trigger the ignition pellet by the alternating current generation unit,
wherein the circuit arrangement is connected on an input side.
14. The aircraft of claim 13 , wherein the aircraft is an airplane.
15. The aircraft of claim 14 , wherein the converter is an inverter, and
wherein the aircraft further comprises:
an electric motor that is supplied with electrical energy by the inverter; and
a propeller that is settable in rotation by the electric motor.