Plastic films having high Vicat softening temperature in layered structures
The present invention relates to layer composites comprising at least one opaque layer a) and at least one transparent layer b), wherein the Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C.) of layer a) is ≥156° C., preferably from ≥156° C. to ≤250° C., particularly preferably from ≥156° C. to ≤230° C., and wherein the Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C./h), of layer a) is higher than that of layer b), a method for producing such layer composites and security documents, preferably identification documents, comprising such a layer structure.
1. A layer construction comprising
a) at least one opaque layer a) containing one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols, wherein the at least one layer a) has a light transmission of ≥0.1% and ≤85%, determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07 and
b) at least one further transparent layer b) containing at least one thermoplastic, wherein the at least one further layer b) has a light transmission of ≥85% and ≤98%, determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07,
wherein the one or more polycarbonates or copolycarbonates of layer a) have a Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C./h) of ≥156° C.,
wherein the Vicat softening temperature of the one or more polycarbonates or copolycarbonates of layer a) is higher than a Vicat softening temperature of the thermoplastic of layer b), and
wherein the one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols in the at least one layer a) comprise at least one carbonate structural unit of formula (I-1), (I-2), (I-3) or (I-4)
wherein
R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 -aryl, or C 7 -C 12 -aralkyl,
m is an integer from 4 to 7,
R 3 and R 4 individually selectable for each X independently of one another represent hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, and
X represents carbon, with the proviso that for at least one atom X, R 3 and R 4 both represent alkyl,
wherein R 5 represents a C 1 -to C 4 -alkyl radical, aralkyl radical or aryl radical.
2. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer b) comprises a thermoplastic having a Vicat softening temperature of B/120 determined according to ISO 306 (50N; 50°/h) in a range from ≥135° C. to ≤155° C.
3. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the at least one layer a) the one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols comprises at least one carbonate structural unit of formula (I-1).
4. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer a) comprises at least one opening.
5. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer a) comprises a filler.
6. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer a) has a thickness of ≥10 to ≤300 μm.
7. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one layer b) comprises at least one thermoplastic selected from polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and/or polycondensates of bifunctional reactive compounds.
8. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one further layer c) comprising at least one thermoplastic, the at least one further layer c) having a light transmission of ≥85% to ≤98%, determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07.
9. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one further layer c) containing one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols.
10. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one laser-sensitive additive present in one or more of the at least one layer a), the at least one layer b), or at least one further layer c).
11. The layer construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one electronic component, at least one volume hologram, at least one embossed hologram, or a combination thereof is arranged between the at least one layer a) and the at least one layer b).
12. The layer construction as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the at least one thermoplastic comprises one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols, poly- or copolyacrylates and poly- or copolymethacrylates, poly- or copolymers of styrene, polyurethane(s) and polyolefin(s), poly- or copolycondensates of terephthalic acid, poly- or copolycondensates of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, poly- or copolycondensates of at least one cycloalkyldicarboxylic acid, polysulfones, or mixtures thereof.
13. A layer construction comprising
a) at least one opaque layer a) containing one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols, wherein the at least one layer a) has a light transmission of ≥0.1% and ≤85%, determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07 and
b) at least one further transparent layer b) containing at least one thermoplastic, wherein the at least one further layer b) has a light transmission of ≥85% and ≤98%, determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07,
wherein the one or more polycarbonates or copolycarbonates of layer a) have a Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C./h) of ≥156°° C.,
wherein the Vicat softening temperature of the one or more polycarbonates or copolycarbonates of layer a) is higher than a Vicat softening temperature of the thermoplastic of layer b),
wherein the one or more polycarbonates based on diphenols or copolycarbonates based on diphenols in the at least one layer a) comprise at least one carbonate structural unit of formula (I-1), (I-2), (I-3) or (I-4)
wherein
R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 -aryl, or C 7 -C 12 -aralkyl,
m is an integer from 4 to 7,
R 3 and R 4 individually selectable for each X independently of one another represent hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, and
X represents carbon, with the proviso that for at least one atom X, R 3 and R 4 both represent alkyl,
wherein R 5 represents a C 1 - to C 4 -alkyl radical, aralkyl radical or aryl radical,
wherein layer a) has at least one opening,
wherein layer a) has a layer thickness of ≥10 to ≤150 μm, and
wherein layer a) is not filled with a thermoplastic material.
14. A security document, comprising at least one layer construction as claimed in claim 1 .
15. A process for producing a layer composite comprising
providing a layer construction as claimed in claim 1 ,
optionally placing one or more electronic components, one or more volume holograms, one or more embossed holograms, or a combination thereof between the at least one layer a) and the at least one layer b),
optionally stamping at least one opening in layer a),
optionally providing at least one further layer c) comprising at least one thermoplastic,
laminating the layer construction at a temperature of 120° C. to 210° C. and a pressure of 10 N/cm 2 to 400 N/cm 2 .