Desulfurized Crude Tall Oil Compositions and Processes for Producing
A method to produce crude tall oil (CTO) having a reduced sulfur content is disclosed. Black liquor soap (BLS) is treated with 0.05 to 0.45% by weight H 2 O 2 . Hydrogen peroxide treated BLS compositions, CTO compositions, and chemical compositions derived thereof, including depitched CTO, TOP, depitched CTO distillation fractions, and products derived therefrom are disclosed. The use of a small amount of H 2 O 2 results in a decreased degree of foaming.
1 . A method to produce crude tall oil (CTO) comprising:
treating a black liquor soap (BLS) by mixing with 0.05 to 0.45% by weight H 2 O 2 , based on total weight of the BLS for 1 minute to 48 hours at a temperature of 0° C. to 105° C.;
acidulating the treated BLS to a pH value ranging between 1 to 4, wherein a CTO phase, an aqueous phase and residual solids are formed;
maintaining the acidulating temperature in the range of 70 to 103° C.; and
separating the CTO phase from the aqueous phase and from residual solids at a recovery yield of at least 75% CTO based on total weight of anhydrous BLS; and
wherein the recovered CTO has a sulfur content of less than 900 ppm.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the BLS is treated with 0.1 to 0.35% by weight H 2 O 2 , at a temperature of 40° C. to 90° C.
3 . The method claim 2 , wherein the mixture of BLS and H 2 O 2 has a volume increase of less than 50% during and after the treatment with H 2 O 2 .
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the BLS is treated for 5 minutes to 36 hours.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of BLS and H 2 O 2 has a volume increase of less than 20% during and after the treatment with H 2 O 2 .
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the acidulation temperature is maintained by any of the addition of steam.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recovered CTO has a sulfur content that is at least 15% lower than the sulfur content of CTO recovered from a BLS not treated with H 2 O 2 .
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recovered CTO has an odor intensity reduction of at least 1 unit compared to the odor intensity of a CTO recovered from a BLS not treated with H 2 O 2 .
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the recovered CTO has an odor intensity reduction of at least 2 units.
10 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering CTO to generate a depitched CTO distillate and TOP residue.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the CTO is recovered by any of distillation or evaporation.
12 . A depitched CTO obtained from the method of claim 10 , having a sulfur content of less than 350 ppm.
13 . A tall oil pitch composition, a tall oil fatty acid composition, a tall oil rosin composition, a tall oil heads composition, or a distilled tall oil composition obtained from the depitched CTO composition of claim 12 .
14 . The tall oil rosin composition of claim 13 , wherein the sulfur content is reduced by at least 25% as compared to a tall oil rosin which originates from untreated BLS.
15 . The tall oil pitch composition, a tall oil fatty acid composition, a tall oil rosin composition, a tall oil heads composition, or a distilled tall oil composition obtained from the depitched CTO composition of claim 12 , having an odor intensity of at least 1 unit lower to the odor intensity of compositions which originate from untreated BLS.
16 . A composition obtained by subjecting the compositions of claim 13 to one or more processes selected from dimerization, trimerization, isomerization, aromatization, disproportionation, catalytic hydrogenation, esterification or amidation reactions.
17 . The composition of claim 16 , wherein the composition is a tall oil rosin ester composition, distilled tall oil ester composition, tall oil fatty acid ester composition, tall oil pitch ester composition, tall oil fatty acid dimer composition, tall oil fatty acid trimer composition, tall oil fatty acid monomer composition, tall oil fatty acid dimer derived polyamide composition, tall oil fatty acid dimer derived diamide composition, tall oil fatty acid derived diamide composition, tall oil fatty acid derived monoamide composition, tall oil fatty acid monomer derived diamide composition, tall oil fatty acid monomer derived monoamide composition, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, a phytosterol composition, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, or policosanol composition.
18 . A CTO composition obtained from the method of claim 1 .
19 . The CTO composition of claim 18 , having a sulfur content of less than 750 ppm.
20 . The CTO composition of claim 18 , having an odor intensity reduction of at least 1 unit as compared to the composition derived from a BLS not treated with H 2 O 2 .