Anti-viral composition
Phlorotannins with anti-viral properties, in particular those with a molecular mass of from about 1000 g/mol to about 3000 g/mol, are described. The phlorotannins may be obtained or obtainable as an extract from seaweed, and may be used in compositions or extracts as anti-viral agents. Methods for producing the extracts and their use for treating or preventing viral infections and for reducing or controlling a virus on a surface using the phlorotannins are also described.
1. An extract of Ascophyllum nodosum, wherein the extract comprises from 60% to 95% by weight based on the dry weight of the extract of one or more phlorotannins and wherein at least 70% by weight of the one or more phlorotannins based on the dry weight of the phlorotannins in the dry extract has a molecular mass of from about 1000 g/mol to about 3000 g/mol.
2. The extract according to claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises phloroglucinol units are linked via ether linkages, phenol linkages, dibenzodioxin linkages, or a mixture thereof.
3. The extract according to claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises phloroglucinol units are linked in linear and/or branched chains.
4. A method of obtaining an extract according to claim 1 , comprising contacting Ascophyllum nodosum with a hydro-alcoholic extraction solvent.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the hydro-alcoholic extraction solvent is 60:40 ethanol: water.
6. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising extraction with an organic solvent.
7. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising purifying the extract.
8. An anti-viral composition comprising the extract according to claim 1 .
9. The anti-viral composition according to claim 8 , wherein the composition comprises the one or more phlorotannins in an amount of from 0.0025 to 50% by weight of the composition.
10. A method of treating or preventing a viral infection, comprising administering the extract according to claim 1 to a subject in need thereof.
11. A method of treating or preventing a viral infection, comprising administering the composition according to claim 8 to a subject in need thereof.
12. A method of reducing or controlling a virus on or at a surface, comprising applying the extract according to claim 1 to the surface.
13. A method of reducing or controlling a virus on or at a surface, comprising applying the composition according to claim 8 to the surface.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the virus is enveloped or non-enveloped.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the virus is enveloped or non-enveloped.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the virus is selected from one or more of group I, II, III, or V of the Baltimore classification of viruses.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the virus is selected from one or more of group I, II, III, or V of the Baltimore classification of viruses.