Treatment of a disease of the gastrointestinal tract with a JAK inhibitor and devices
This disclosure features methods and compositions for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with a JAK inhibitor.
1. A method of treating a disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in a subject, the method comprising orally administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor and not comprising any additional therapeutic agent, and delivering the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at a desired location in the GI tract of the subject, wherein the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor is less than an amount that is effective when the JAK inhibitor is administered systemically, wherein the JAK inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of tofacitinib, filgotinib, TD-1473, ruxolitinib, cerdulatinib, momelotinib, oclacitinib, upadacitinib, lestaurtinib, decernotinib, pacritinib, cucurbitacin I, PF-06700841, PF-06651600, PF-04965842, and generic equivalents thereof, and wherein the desired location is proximate to one or more sites of disease.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at the desired location in the GI tract provides a concentration of the JAK inhibitor in the plasma of the subject that is less than 1 μg/ml.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at the desired location in the GI tract provides a concentration of the JAK inhibitor in the plasma of the subject that is less than 0.3 μg/ml.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at the desired location in the GI tract provides a concentration of the JAK inhibitor in the plasma of the subject that is less than 0.1 μg/ml.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at the desired location in the GI tract provides a concentration of the JAK inhibitor in the plasma of the subject that is less than 0.01 μg/ml.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the JAK inhibitor delivered at the desired location in the gastrointestinal tract is 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%,100%,200%, 300%, 400%, 500%, 1000%, 2000% greater than the concentration of JAK inhibitor in plasma.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the concentration of the JAK inhibitor delivered at the desired location in the gastrointestinal tract is measured from a sample comprising GI tissue.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor results in a decrease of one or more of the following inflammatory markers in the GI tract: interferon-γ, IL-Iβ, IL-6, IL-22, IL-17 A, TNFa, and IL-2.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor is topically delivered at a desired location in the GI tract of the subject.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the level of JAK inhibitor in plasma in a subject at a time point following oral administration of the device is lower than the level of the JAK inhibitor in plasma in a subject at substantially the same time point following systemic administration of an equal amount of the JAK inhibitor.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered in an ingestible device.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the JAK inhibitor is delivered 100 cm or less from the one or more sites of disease.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the JAK inhibitor is delivered at the cecum, the ascending colon, or the distal portion of the ileum.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease of the GI tract is an inflammatory bowel disease.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a liquid medium.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a solution.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a suspension.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivery of the therapeutically effective amount of the JAK inhibitor at the desired location in the GI tract does not comprise releasing more than 10% of the JAK inhibitor at a location that is not proximate to a site of disease.