Treating essential tremor using (R)-2-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-N-(1-(5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)acetamide
This invention relates to methods and materials for treating mammals having, or at risk of developing, one or more movement disorders (e.g., essential tremor, epilepsy, and/or Parkinson's disease). For example, compositions including one or more T-type calcium channel antagonists (e.g., one or more Cav3 antagonists such as CX-8998) are provided, as well as methods for administering such compositions to a mammal having, or at risk of developing, one or more movement disorders (e.g., essential tremor, epilepsy, and/or Parkinson's disease) to treat the mammal.
1. A method of treating essential tremor in a human in need thereof, said method comprising administering once daily to said human an oral dosage form, wherein said oral dosage form comprises a Cav3 antagonist, wherein the Cav3 antagonist is CX-8998
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein the oral dosage form comprises a controlled release component comprising said Cav3 antagonist, and wherein the oral dosage form optionally contains an immediate release component comprising said Cav3 antagonist;
wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a maximum plasma concentration (C max ) of said Cav3 antagonist divided by a mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist at 24 hours after administration
(
C
max
plasma
concentration
at
24
hours
)
from about 1.0 to about 4.0.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said human has been fasted for at least 4 hours prior to being administered said oral dosage form.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist of above a minimum effective concentration (MEC) of said Cav3 antagonist for at least about 15 hours, wherein said minimum effective concentration is about 200 nM.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist of above a minimum effective concentration (MEC) of said Cav3 antagonist for at least about 18 hours, wherein said minimum effective concentration is about 200 nM.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist of above a minimum effective concentration (MEC) of said Cav3 antagonist for at least about 24 hours, wherein said minimum effective concentration is about 200 nM.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist is a plasma concentration at steady state.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist from about 400 nM to about 1000 nM for at least about 12 hours.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist from about 400 nM to about 1000 nM for at least about 15 hours.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to maintain a mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist from about 400 nM to about 1000 nM for at least about 18 hours.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to said human, is effective to achieve said mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist in less than about 60 minutes.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said maximum plasma concentration (C max ) of said Cav3 antagonist is less than about 1800 nM.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said maximum plasma concentration (C max ) of said Cav3 antagonist is from about 900 nM to about 1800 nM.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said maximum plasma concentration (C max ) of said Cav3 antagonist is from about 1200 nM to about 1800 nM.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein said Cav3 antagonist is a hydrochloride salt.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oral dosage form, when administered once daily to a human, is effective to maintain said maximum plasma concentration (C max ) of said Cav3 antagonist divided by said mean plasma concentration of said Cav3 antagonist at 24 hours after administration
(
C
max
plasma
concentration
at
24
hours
)
from about 1.0 to about 3.0.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral dosage form is administered to said human in the morning or within about 4 hours after waking.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral dosage form comprises a controlled release component comprising said Cav3 antagonist, and wherein the oral dosage form contains an immediate release component comprising said Cav3 antagonist.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the oral dosage form comprises about 40% of the immediate release component and about 60% of the controlled release component.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the controlled release component comprises a coating comprising a pH-sensitive enteric polymer.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein at least a portion of the pH-sensitive enteric polymer coating can dissolve at a pH of about 7.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the controlled release component comprises particles, wherein the particles are beads.
22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the immediate release component comprise particles, wherein the particles are beads.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human is an adult.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the adult is 18 years of age or older.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human has moderate to severe essential tremor.